Electrochemistry of solvated electrons

Алпатова, Н. М.; Krishtalik, L. I.; Pleskov, Yu. V.

doi:10.1007/3-540-16931-8_9

Cited by 33 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 149 publications

(25 reference statements)

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“…electrode) and acceptor. Similar phenomena have been observed in the electrochemical generation of solvated electrons and during the photoemission of electrons from the electrode [45]. According to molecular dynamics simulations, the concentration of said traps can be as high as 10 -2 M [46].…”

Section: Chemistry Of Hydrated Electronssupporting

confidence: 68%

Immunoassay of β 2 -microglobulin at oxide-coated heavily doped p-silicon electrodes

Håkansson

Salminen

Kuosmanen

et al. 2016

Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry

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Section: Chemistry Of Hydrated Electronssupporting

confidence: 68%

Immunoassay of β 2 -microglobulin at oxide-coated heavily doped p-silicon electrodes

Håkansson

Salminen

Kuosmanen

et al. 2016

Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry

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“…At the high intensities employed here (GW em -2), non-linear absorption of more than one (n> 1) 2-eV-photons followed by emission of electrons could be considered. The so-called five-halves law describes the classical photoemission current J from metal into electrolyte [24][25][26]42]. For a multi-photon absorption V(t) achieves the constant value V rn and then reduces with the cell time constant reell ' A continuous wave Argon ion laser « 2 W, 514.5 nm, Spectra-Physics model 2025-11) served as pump laser for the fs pulse generator (colliding pulse modelocked dye laser, CPM; BESTEC GmbH, Berlin) with the amplifier/absorber dye combination Rhodamine 6G/DODCI (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subpicosecond‐Pulse‐Laser‐Induced Electron Emission from Mercury and Silver into Aqueous Electrolytes

Krivenko

Krüger

Kautek

et al. 1995

Ber Bunsenges Phys Chem

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Highly efficient superlinear electron emission from liquid mercury and polycrystalline silver electrodes into aqueous electrolyte solutions has been discovered. The effect is induced by visible subpicosecond‐laser pulses (300 fs) with a photon energy (h v ≈ 2 eV; 615 nm) less than the threshold of the linear photoeffect. The charge density q emitted from mercury by 615‐nm laser pulses increased from 10−9 to 10−5 C cm−2 in the intensity range 7 = 4–30 GW cm−2. At silver, 10−9 to 10−7 C cm−2 were generated in the range of I = 7–70 GW cm−2. The charge density grew with the concentration of electron acceptors (H3O+ and CHCl3) at I < 20 GW cm−2, because the capture of emitted electrons prevents them from returning to electrode surface. The subsequent slow electron reduction of the electron capture products (H‐atoms and CHCl2‐radicals, respectively) indicates the laser‐induced electron transfer across the interface. Ultraviolet 300‐fs‐pulses (h v ≈ 4 eV) at intensities I < 6 GW cm−2 lead to effective quantum yields corresponding to one‐photon emission. This emission disappeared at Hg when 6‐ps‐pulses were applied with the same energy, but still occurred at Ag. These results conform with theoretical predictions of charge‐intensity dependencies, pulse duration and electrode potential characteristics for thermoelectron emission of a nonequilibrium electron gas from metals into electrolyte solutions.

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“…We showed previously [7] that under the conditions of these experiments, reduction of N 2 to NH 3 takes place via a pathway (see Fig. 3a) in which (1) electrons are excited to the diamond conduction band, (2) the conduction band electrons are emitted into water and surrounded by water molecules to form aqueous "solvated" electrons e -(aq) [23], 3 production is only modestly dependent on pH because the reaction to form NH 3 competes with the bimolecular reaction 2H + + 2e -H 2 [7].…”

Section: Ultraviolet Photoemission Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 75%

Photocatalytic reduction of nitrogen to ammonia on diamond thin films grown on metallic substrates

Bandy

Zhu

Hamers

2016

Diamond and Related Materials

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Recent studies have demonstrated that boron-doped diamond can act as a solid-state source of electrons in water when illuminated with above-bandgap light. Excitation of electrons to diamond's conduction band leads to facile emission of electrons into water; the resulting solvated electrons are potent reducing agents able to initiate many chemical reactions such as the reduction of N 2 to NH 3 and the reduction of CO 2 to CO. Here, we report investigations of the photocatalytic activity of diamond thin films grown on Mo, Ni, and Ti substrates. Our results show that in each case, there is a maximum in the photocatalytic activity that occurs just when the diamond coalesces into a contiguous film, then decreasing as the film becomes thicker. These results suggest that electron emission arises in part from excitation of electrons in the metal substrate, followed by injection into the conduction band of the diamond film. More detailed studies on films grown on niobium show that at the open-circuit potential the films have a downward bend-bending of ~ 0.3 V, which is favorable for barrier-free electron emission. Our result suggests that metal-diamond heterostructures may provide a scalable approach to achieving difficult photocatalytic reactions.

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Electrochemistry of solvated electrons

Cited by 33 publications

References 149 publications

Immunoassay of β 2 -microglobulin at oxide-coated heavily doped p-silicon electrodes

Immunoassay of β 2 -microglobulin at oxide-coated heavily doped p-silicon electrodes

Subpicosecond‐Pulse‐Laser‐Induced Electron Emission from Mercury and Silver into Aqueous Electrolytes

Photocatalytic reduction of nitrogen to ammonia on diamond thin films grown on metallic substrates

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