Electrochemistry of Eugenol and its Metabolism on a Bare Screen-Printed Electrode

Abstract

Eugenol is an essential oil widely used in pharmaceutical and food industry. However, the metabolism of eugenol leads to the formation of a highly reactive phenoxyl radical that can induce toxicity with macromolecules. Herein, a simple and a costeffective methodology was described for the mimicry of eugenol metabolism. Electrochemical measurements were recorded on bare screen-printed electrodes (SPEs) and the generated metabolites were collected and detected by electrospray ionization (ESI)/Mass spectrometry (MS). The reactive intermediate was successfully formed illustrating a cheaper alternative towards the mimicry of human metabolism.

Electrochemical Simulation of Phase I Hepatic Metabolism of Voriconazole Using a Screen-Printed Iron(II) Phthalocyanine Electrode

“…They play a crucial role in environmental monitoring, helping to detect and quantify pollutants [13], in microbiology [14] and in food industry analysis, and are also essential in clinical diagnostics, enabling the measurement of biomarkers and disease-related molecules in blood and urine samples [15]. Although, only carbon SPEs have been successfully employed to mimic the metabolism of eugenol [16], raloxifene [17], and paracetamol [18], efficiently generating both phase I and phase II metabolites of tested drugs. Carbon electrodes remain among the most commonly employed choices.…”

Síntese de novos derivados triazólicos do eugenol de interesse medicinal

“…(FISCHER et al, 1990) A sua dosagem em excesso pode levar à saturação dessas vias de sulfato e de glicuronídeo, e à conjugação de eugenol com glutationa, levando à uma depleção de glutationa intracelular, o que resulta em morte hepatocelular. (VASILIADOU, 2018;THOMPSON et al, 1991) Além disso, esse fenilpropanóide pode apresentar, quando em excesso no organismo, efeitos genotóxicos em fibroblastos humanos VH10 e em células Caco-2 do cólon, assim como efeitos não-prejudiciais ao DNA em células de hepatocarcinoma humano. (NISAR et al, 2021;SLAMEŇOVÁ et al, 2009) A partir do eugenol, alguns derivados sintéticos já foram preparados e apresentam atividade leishmanicida mais acentuada que o precursor para a forma amastigota de L. donovani (Figura 3).…”