Electrochemically-induced fluid movement using polypyrrole

Causley, Jennifer; Stitzel, Shannon E.; Brady, Sarah; Diamond, Dermot; Wallace, Gordon G.

doi:10.1016/j.synthmet.2005.04.001

Cited by 29 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…For example, the overall measured charge of 400 mC ± 10% for the holes type fits well with typical literature values (1 mC/mm 2 for a corresponding film thickness of approximately 700 nm [13]). However, due to the complex electrode surfaces, which normally increase during polymerization, visually inspection should always be done in parallel, to monitor the actual film thickness.…”

Section: Fabrication Processsupporting

confidence: 87%

Sphincter-like micro actuators based on electroactive polymer

Herrlich

Zengerle

Haeberle

2009

TRANSDUCERS 2009 - 2009 International Solid-State Sensors, Actuators and Microsystems Conference

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We present sphincter-like micro actuators enabling the reversible adjustment of the aperture area of one or several orifices using the swelling of the conjugated electroactive polymer (EAP) polypyrrole. One possible application is the controlled diffusion-or infusion-based transport of drugs out of miniaturized delivery devices. Three different orifice configurations are proposed and swelling could be doubled by avoiding closed EAP-structures. The actuators do not contain any complex moveable part and can be controlled using low voltages (1 V) and currents (peak down to 45 µA).

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Section: Fabrication Processsupporting

confidence: 87%

Sphincter-like micro actuators based on electroactive polymer

Herrlich

Zengerle

Haeberle

2009

TRANSDUCERS 2009 - 2009 International Solid-State Sensors, Actuators and Microsystems Conference

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“…Electrochemical switching in polymers is expected to affect the strength and the density of dipoles and the binding characteristics of doping ions. Thus, by modifying the electrochemical switch, it is possible to achieve electronic control over the surface tension (Isaksson et al 2004;Sun et al 2004;Causley et al 2005;Robinson et al 2006). It has also been reported that the wetting and adhesive properties of an electroactive polymer can be varied by changing its oxidation state.…”

Section: Physical -Chemical Modificationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applications of conducting polymers and their issues in biomedical engineering

Ravichandran

Sundarrajan

Venugopal

et al. 2010

J. R. Soc. Interface.

377

253

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Conducting polymers (CPs) have attracted much interest as suitable matrices of biomolecules and have been used to enhance the stability, speed and sensitivity of various biomedical devices. Moreover, CPs are inexpensive, easy to synthesize and versatile because their properties can be readily modulated by (i) surface functionalization techniques and (ii) the use of a wide range of molecules that can be entrapped or used as dopants. This paper discusses the various surface modifications of the CP that can be employed in order to impart physico-chemical and biological guidance cues that promote cell adhesion/proliferation at the polymer-tissue interface. This ability of the CP to induce various cellular mechanisms widens its applications in medical fields and bioengineering.

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“…The charge associated with the oxidized form is generally delocalised over 2-3 repeating units and in the form of radical cations. Oxidation and reduction results in the reversible intercalation of anions termed dopants that maintain electroneutrality, as shown in Figure 1A for 19,20 . The orientation of the DBS -is reversed for the reduced form as it is more energetically favourable for the fatty acids to coordinate through hydrophobic interactions with the neutral polymer backbone.…”

Section: Chemical Structure and Interfacial Groupsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface and Biomolecular Forces of Conducting Polymers

Higgins

Wallace

2013

Polymer Reviews

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In this review, we provide insight into the surface forces of conducting polymers, a class of intelligent materials that offer unique strategies for controlling biomolecular interactions in wide-ranging biomedical applications. Critical to the success of these applications is that the polymer interface is exposed to biological fluids whose interactions are controlled through the polymer surface chemistry and electrochemical switching of the surface properties. There is, however, little known about the intermolecular and surface forces that govern these interactions. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to more closely examine the forces that mediate interactions with biological entities, including forces such as van der Waals, electrostatic, hydrophobic, and hydrogen bonding. We introduce relevant surface properties such as surface energy and surface potential, and demonstrate how they manifest as forces. In particular, we highlight the emerging use of Atomic Force Microscopy for directly measuring these forces at the single molecule level; a unique capability that is enabling deconvolution of complex biomolecular interactions with conducting polymers. Finally, we provide an overview of biomolecular interactions, namely model proteins and DNA, and conclude by discussing a growing area of interest; the spatio-temporal and reversible control of biomolecular forces via electrical stimulation. AbstractIn this review, we provide insight into the surface forces of conducting polymers, a class of

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Electrochemically-induced fluid movement using polypyrrole

Cited by 29 publications

References 21 publications

Sphincter-like micro actuators based on electroactive polymer

Sphincter-like micro actuators based on electroactive polymer

Applications of conducting polymers and their issues in biomedical engineering

Surface and Biomolecular Forces of Conducting Polymers

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