Electrochemical trends of a hybrid platinum and metal–nitrogen–carbon catalyst library for the oxygen reduction reaction

Ly, Alvin; Murphy, Eamonn; Wang, Hanson; Huang, Ying; Ferro, Giovanni; Guo, Shengyuan; Asset, Tristan; Liu, Yuanchao; Zenyuk, Iryna V.; Atanassov, Plamen

doi:10.1039/d3ey00235g

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 42 publications

(77 reference statements)

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“…It was recently shown for the ORR that M–N–Cs can serve not only as the primary catalyst, but also as active supports for Pt nanoparticles. ,,, The Pt/M–N–C systems have shown increased ORR performance and durability through electronic particle–support and ionomer–support interactions. It is thought that the Pt nanoparticles can draw electrons from the M–N x sites, creating more favorable intermediate adsorption energies and increasing the anchoring of the Pt nanoparticles.…”

Section: M–n–cs As Active Supportsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atomically Dispersed Metal–Nitrogen–Carbon Catalysts for Electrochemical Nitrogen Transformations to Ammonia and Beyond

Murphy,

Liu,

Sun

et al. 2024

ACS Catal.

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Section: M–n–cs As Active Supportsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atomically Dispersed Metal–Nitrogen–Carbon Catalysts for Electrochemical Nitrogen Transformations to Ammonia and Beyond

Murphy,

Liu,

Sun

et al. 2024

ACS Catal.

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“…In the literature, many articles report how the introduction of heteroatoms (e.g., N, S, B, and P) into a carbon framework is able to effectively enhance the overall electrochemical activity for the ORR, as non-precious carbon-based catalysts [14][15][16][17][18]. Notably, co-doping has also been found to generally produce more active sites than single-atom doping, with a more efficient absorption capacity of oxygen molecules and, in the case of doping with S, leads to a better desorption of OH* [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Sulfur and Nitrogen Doping on the Oxygen Reduction Performance of Graphene/Iron Oxide Electrocatalysts Prepared by Using Microwave-Assisted Synthesis

Castellino,

Sacco,

Fontana

et al. 2024

Nanomaterials

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The synthesis of novel catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction, by means of a fast one-pot microwave-assisted procedure, is reported herein and deeply explained. In particular, the important role of doping atoms, like sulfur and nitrogen, in Fe2O3-reduced graphene oxide nanocomposites is described to address the modification of catalytic performance. The presence of dopants is confirmed by X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy analysis, while the integration of iron oxide nanoparticles, by means of decoration of the graphene structure, is corroborated by electron microscopy, which also confirms that there is no damage to the graphene sheets induced by the synthesis procedure. The electrochemical characterizations put in evidence the synergistic catalysis effects of dopant atoms with Fe2O3 and, in particular, the importance of sulfur introduction into the graphene lattice. Catalytic performance of as-prepared materials toward oxygen reduction shows values close to the Pt/C reference material, commonly used for fuel cell and metal–air battery applications.

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Advancing Insights into Electrochemical Pre‐Treatments of Supported Nanoparticle Electrocatalysts by Combining a Design of Experiments Strategy with In Situ Characterization

Mule,

Tran,

Aleman

et al. 2024

Advanced Energy Materials

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Activation, break‐in, and/or pre‐treatment protocols are generally applied to energy conversion devices before regular operation to reach stable performance. There remains much to understand about the relationships among physical properties, performance, and electrochemical pre‐treatments. Here, a design‐of‐experiments (DoE) strategy is employed to address this gap by demonstrating the influence of five pre‐treatment parameters for carbon‐supported Pt‐nanoparticle catalysts on the electrocatalytic oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). A subset of pre‐treatments, developed using a central composite design, are tested in a flow cell combined with an inductively‐coupled plasma mass spectrometer (on‐line ICP‐MS). The DoE‐based approach facilitates comprehensive insights from two orders of magnitude fewer experiments than a conventional grid search. The coupled on‐line ICP‐MS setup enables effective catalysis and real‐time catalyst dissolution data. Leveraging insights from DoE for on‐line ICP‐MS and additional characterization, a model is built between the degradation of a multi‐dimensional supported Pt surface, its performance, and applied electrochemical parameters. These investigations identify surface modifications, such as oxidation, and subsequent restructuring of Pt during pre‐treatment as a primary cause of performance deterioration during ORR. By combining DoE with advanced characterization techniques, a powerful approach is demonstrated to gain a mechanistic understanding of pre‐treatment protocols that can be broadly adapted to various reaction chemistries.

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Electrochemical trends of a hybrid platinum and metal–nitrogen–carbon catalyst library for the oxygen reduction reaction

Abstract: Pt nanoparticles supported on a library of 3d, 4d, 5d and f metal M–N–C catalysts for the ORR.

Cited by 5 publications

References 42 publications

Atomically Dispersed Metal–Nitrogen–Carbon Catalysts for Electrochemical Nitrogen Transformations to Ammonia and Beyond

Atomically Dispersed Metal–Nitrogen–Carbon Catalysts for Electrochemical Nitrogen Transformations to Ammonia and Beyond

The Effect of Sulfur and Nitrogen Doping on the Oxygen Reduction Performance of Graphene/Iron Oxide Electrocatalysts Prepared by Using Microwave-Assisted Synthesis

Advancing Insights into Electrochemical Pre‐Treatments of Supported Nanoparticle Electrocatalysts by Combining a Design of Experiments Strategy with In Situ Characterization

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