Electrochemical Techniques in Biosensors

Arya, Sunil K.; Singh, Surinder P.; Malhotra, Bansi D.

doi:10.1002/9780470061565.hbb032

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…The assay was then followed by adding the TMB-H 2 O 2 substrate, and the signal was recorded using a −200 mV potential. TMB-H 2 O 2 was chosen as the enzyme substrate for the enzyme label horseradish peroxidase (HRP)’s activity determination [ 33 ]. Furthermore, TMB has superior detection properties than other systems [ 34 , 35 , 36 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of an Immunosensor for PfHRP 2 as a Biomarker for Malaria Detection

2017

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Plasmodium falciparum histidine-rich protein 2 (PfHRP 2) was selected in this work as the biomarker for the detection and diagnosis of malaria. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was first developed to evaluate the immunoreagent’s suitability for the sensor’s development. A gold-based sensor with an integrated counter and an Ag/AgCl reference electrode was first selected and characterised and then used to develop the immunosensor for PfHRP 2, which enables a low cost, easy to use, and sensitive biosensor for malaria diagnosis. The sensor was applied to immobilise the anti-PfHRP 2 monoclonal antibody as the capture receptor. A sandwich ELISA assay format was constructed using horseradish peroxidase (HRP) as the enzyme label, and the electrochemical signal was generated using a 3, 3′, 5, 5′tetramethyl-benzidine dihydrochloride (TMB)/H2O2 system. The performance of the assay and the sensor were optimised and characterised, achieving a PfHRP 2 limit of detection (LOD) of 2.14 ng·mL−1 in buffer samples and 2.95 ng∙mL−1 in 100% spiked serum samples. The assay signal was then amplified using gold nanoparticles conjugated detection antibody-enzyme and a detection limit of 36 pg∙mL−1 was achieved in buffer samples and 40 pg∙mL−1 in serum samples. This sensor format is ideal for malaria detection and on-site analysis as a point-of-care device (POC) in resource-limited settings where the implementation of malaria diagnostics is essential in control and elimination efforts.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of an Immunosensor for PfHRP 2 as a Biomarker for Malaria Detection

2017

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“…Among the various methods that have been used for insulin detection, electrochemical assays are still considered the best methods for insulin determination, because they could overcome the short-comings of the other methods mentioned above [18]. The main advantages of electrochemical methods are low limit of detection, wide linear range, low cost instruments and high sensitivity [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Insulin Determination on NiNPs/chitosan‐ MWCNTs and NiONPs/chitosan‐MWCNTs Modified Pencil Graphite Electrode

et al. 2018

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The rising amount of patients suffering for diabetes mellitus increases the requirements for effective insulin sensors. Carbon materials are a suitable choice for the development of insulin sensors due to their electrochemical characteristics. Pencil graphite electrodes (PGE) represent the trade‐off between price and excellent conductive properties. The modification of PGE by NiO and Ni nanoparticles fixed by chitosan results in surface area enlargement and improved electrocatalytic properties. This paper is focused on the comparison of different properties of Ni and NiO nanoparticles and their effect on redox reaction mechanism of insulin and detection characteristics. The electrode modified by Ni nanoparticles displays linear range of 1 μM–5 μM (R2 0.80), limit of detection (LOD) of 4.34 μM and sensitivity of 0.12 μA/μM. On the other hand, the electrode modified by NiO nanoparticles displays enhanced electrochemical characteristics such as linear range of 0.05 μM–5 μM (R2 0.99), limit of detection of 260 nM and sensitivity of 0.64 μA/μM. These properties make the NiO nanoparticles modified PGE the appropriate candidate for insulin determination.

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“…In this technique, potential is varied over a fixed range in a forward and backward direction and current (limited by analyte diffusion at the electrode surface) is monitored (Figure ). The oxidation and reduction peak current generated during forward and backward scan can be used for analysis . In DPV, potential with a series of fixed amplitude pulses is scanned between initial and final potential.…”

Section: Electrochemical Transducers For Lung Cancer Biomarker Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Each succeeding pulse has the same amplitude; however, it starts from a slightly higher base potential (Figure ). For each pulse, current is measured at just before the application of the pulse and at the end of the pulse, and the difference is estimated and plotted against potential . Other than CV and DPV, LSV and SWV have also been used for lung cancer biomarker detection.…”

Section: Electrochemical Transducers For Lung Cancer Biomarker Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%