Electrochemical Synthesis in Microreactors

Continuous-flow liquid phase oxidation chemistry in microreactors receives a lot of attention as the reactor provides enhanced heat and mass transfer characteristics, safe use of hazardous oxidants, high interfacial areas, and scale-up potential. In this review, an up-to-date overview of both technological and chemical aspects of liquid phase oxidation chemistry in continuous-flow microreactors is given. A description of mass and heat transfer phenomena is provided and fundamental principles are deduced which can be used to make a judicious choice for a suitable reactor. In addition, the safety aspects of continuous-flow technology are discussed. Next, oxidation chemistry in flow is discussed, including the use of oxygen, hydrogen peroxide, ozone and other oxidants in flow. Finally, the scale-up potential for continuous-flow reactors is described.

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“…307,308 Typically, more efficient reactions can be carried out in micro flow due to the small diffusion distance to the electrodes.…”

Section: Electrochemical Oxidation Processes In Continuous Flowmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liquid phase oxidation chemistry in continuous-flow microreactors

et al. 2016

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“…49 Owing to scalability issues, photochemical and electrochemical transformations are rarely encountered in pharmaceutical manufacturing. However, miniaturization in continuous flow systems makes photo- [50][51][52][53] and electrochemical 54 reactors feasible. The synthetic pathways affordable in these systems can be involved in novel multistep flow processes leading to pharmaceutical compounds.…”

Section: Reactor Type Mattersmentioning

confidence: 99%

The route from problem to solution in multistep continuous flow synthesis of pharmaceutical compounds

Bana

Örkényi

Lövei

et al. 2017

Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry

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a b s t r a c tRecent advances in the field of continuous flow chemistry allow the multistep preparation of complex molecules such as APIs (Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients) in a telescoped manner. Numerous examples of laboratory-scale applications are described, which are pointing towards novel manufacturing processes of pharmaceutical compounds, in accordance with recent regulatory, economical and quality guidances. The chemical and technical knowledge gained during these studies is considerable; nevertheless, connecting several individual chemical transformations and the attached analytics and purification holds hidden traps. In this review, we summarize innovative solutions for these challenges, in order to benefit chemists aiming to exploit flow chemistry systems for the synthesis of biologically active molecules.

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“…Außerdem gibt es ungeteilte Füllkörperzellen ebenso wie höher entwickelte, auf geteilten Zellen basierende Mikroreaktoren für Prozesse, bei denen die beiden Elektrodenkammern getrennt zu halten sind. Die vielen verschiedenartigen Designs dieser effizienten elektrochemischen Mikroreaktoren wurden vor kurzem detailliert erörtert,89 ebenso wie die Herstellungsverfahren und die Materialien, die zur Verkleinerung elektrochemischer Geräte für Durchflussverfahren verwendet wurden 90…”

Section: Elektrokatalytische Reaktorenunclassified

Maschinengestützte organische Synthese

et al. 2015

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In diesem Aufsatz beschreiben wir, welche Konsequenzen der zunehmende Einsatz von Maschinen für organische Syntheseprogramme haben wird, wobei wir einen besonderen Schwerpunkt auf praktische Fragen des Reaktor‐Designs legen. In dem sich rasch verändernden und vielschichtigen Umfeld eines Forschungslabors ist eine modulare Ausstattung erforderlich, um hohe und tiefe Temperaturen und Drücke, Enzyme, Mehrphasensysteme, Schlämme, Gase und Organometallverbindungen in Einklang zu bringen. Um spezialisierte Reaktionsverfahren wie elektrochemische und photochemische Umsetzungen zu vereinfachen, wurden weitere Techniken entwickelt. All diese Teilgebiete halten Chancen und Herausforderungen bereit.

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Electrochemical Synthesis in Microreactors

Abstract: Different electrochemical microreactors for continuous flow synthesis are described in this review. Advantages of flow over batch type chemistry are highlighted as well as novel developments in construction of such devices.

Cited by 110 publications

References 49 publications

Liquid phase oxidation chemistry in continuous-flow microreactors

Liquid phase oxidation chemistry in continuous-flow microreactors

The route from problem to solution in multistep continuous flow synthesis of pharmaceutical compounds

Maschinengestützte organische Synthese

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