Electrochemical Study of Trametes Versicolor Laccase Compatibility to Different Polyphenolic Substrates

Abstract

Abstract:The aim of this electrochemical study was to ascertain which position of hydroxy groups on a benzene ring provides electroactive products after enzymatic oxidation by laccase originating from the Trametes versicolor mushroom, exhibiting intense redox signals that are exploitable for their amperometric determination. The electrochemical properties of phenol together with all isomers of benzenediol and cresol at the bare carbon paste electrode (CPE) and CPE modified with enzyme laccase (CPE/Laccase) were investigated using cyclic voltammetry at various scan rates. Comparison of resulting redox signals and their differences confirmed the suitability of classes of polyphenolic compounds as substrates for Trametes versicolor laccase and their potential use as suitable biological components in the development of amperometric enzyme biosensors for the determination of such species. The feasibility of the proposed approach was verified by electrochemical assays of the enzymatic oxidation of polyphenolic analogues of simple phenols, e.g., gentisic acid, caffeic acid, resveratrol, and others.

Polyphenolic compounds as electron shuttles for sustainable energy utilization

“…Similar concepts may also be applicable to affect ES capabilities. For example, significant redox peaks were only observed in the CV profiles when the hydroxyl or amino groups were arranged at ortho - and para -positions on benzene-based redox mediators such as 2-AP, 4-AP, 1,2-diaminobenzene [23, 26], dopamine [17, 31], catechol, hydroquinone, caffeic acid, and paracetamol [31]. These compounds can show strong ES characteristics.…”

“…3a–d modified from [26]). However, some compounds with hydroxyl or amino groups at the meta -position on phenyl rings can not exhibit redox potential peaks in their CV profiles, for example, 3-AP [26], resorcinol, and resveratrol [31]. Of course, these compounds are not ESs and only act as antioxidants because the hydroxyl or amino groups at the meta -position cannot stabilize radicals or charges in the redox intermediates (Fig.…”

“…For example, at slightly alkaline pH, Camellia green tea and medicinal herbal extracts, which contain high antioxidant polyphenolic contents, could be converted as sustainable ES “catalysts” for renewable energy extraction [41, 45]. In contrast, polyphenolics having meta -dihydroxyl substituents on the phenyl rings (e.g., resorcinol and resveratrol) can only function electrochemically as antioxidants due to a lack of reductive potential peaks in their CV profiles [31]. Moreover, compared to baicalins, which contain 5,6-dihydroxy groups on the A ring, the redox potential peaks of wogonins and chrysin with 5,7-dihydroxy (i.e., meta -dihydroxy) groups on the A ring were almost absent because of the lack of the resonance structure required for ES behavior [43, 48, 49].…”

Miniaturized systems for evaluating enzyme activity in polymeric membrane bioreactors

“…Although m‐cresol is a small molecule, its structure resembles lignin's phenolic sub‐units, making it a convenient substrate for modeling lignin breakdown. Cresol isomers along with other polyphenolic compounds show electrochemical activity in the presence of laccase and also possess significant antioxidant properties beneficial for human health .…”

“…The range of compounds identified over the decades as mediators for the laccase‐mediator system has increased dramatically. Currently, 2,2′‐azino‐bis(3‐ethylbenzthiazoline‐6‐sulfonic acid) (ABTS) and m‐cresol are currently regarded as the best mediators for laccase . For this work, T. versicolor laccase shown in Figure was employed due to its promising activity in bioremediation presented in ref.…”