In an aprotic medium and at a Pt electrode,
cis- and
trans-[Re(NCR)2(Ph2PCH2CH2PPh2)2]+
(cis
+
and
trans
+
,
respectively; R = aryl or alkyl) undergo two successive
single-electron oxidations to form the 17-electron
(cis
2+
or trans
2+) and 16-electron
(cis
3+ or trans
3+)
derivatives. The cis
3+ complexes
isomerize to the corresponding
trans
3+ complexes which undergo a slower
decomposition reaction, and the rate constants
(k
i
3+ and
k
dec, respectively)
have been determined by kinetic analysis of the cyclic voltammetric
behavior. For the aromatic nitrile complexes,
both rate constants increase with the electron-withdrawing ability
(Hammett's σp constant) of R. The ratios
of
the isomeric equilibrium constants (cis
3+ ⇄
trans
3+, cis
2+ ⇄
trans
2+, and cis
+ ⇄
trans
+), for the aromatic nitrile
complexes, also increase with σp, the thermodynamic gain
in favor of the trans isomer is much higher upon the
first oxidation than upon the second one, and it decreases with the
increase of σp (higher sensitivity of the
energy
of the HOMO of the trans isomers to the electronic effect of R).
For the alkyl cyanide complexes, steric effects
play a dominant role on their thermodynamic and kinetic behaviors, by
shifting anodically the oxidation potential
and enhancing the isomerization rate. The significance of those
systems in terms of developing a “molecular
hysteresis” behavior is also discussed.