Electrochemical Study of the AISI 409 Ferritic Stainless Steel: Passive Film Stability and Pitting Nucleation and Growth

Souza, Juliana Sarango de; Oliveira, Leandro Antonio de; Sayeg, Isaac Jamil; Antunes, Renato Altobelli

doi:10.1590/1980-5373-mr-2017-0204

Cited by 27 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 60 publications

(55 reference statements)

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“…This is in agreement with potentiostatic measurements reported recently for a similar Ti stabilized alloy. 38 The use of the 3D finite element model created for accurately comparing experimental PAC to analytical approximations (Fig. 5) calculated an order of magnitude in difference in reactivity for the inclusions versus the passivated metal matrix.…”

Section: Microstructure Characterization Of Ss 444mentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of titanium in the initiation of localized corrosion of stainless steel 444

et al. 2018

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Titanium has been added to ferritic stainless steels to combat the detrimental effects of intergranular corrosion. While this has proven to be a successful strategy, we have found that the resulting Ti-rich inclusions present on the surface play a significant role in the initiation of other forms of localized corrosion. Herein, we report the effect of these inclusions on the localized corrosion of a stainless steel using macro and micro electrochemical techniques. Through the use of scanning electrochemical microscopy, we observe the microgalvanic couple formed between the conductive inclusions and passivated metal matrix. The difference in local reactivity across the material's surface was quantified using a 3D finite element model specifically built to respect the geometry of the corrosion-initiating features. Combined with electron microscopy and micro elemental analysis, localization of other alloying elements has been reported to provide new insight on their significance in localized corrosion resistance.

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Section: Microstructure Characterization Of Ss 444mentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of titanium in the initiation of localized corrosion of stainless steel 444

et al. 2018

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“…Signs of metastable submicron pitting can be detected, which indicates the high resistance of the alloys to steady‐state pitting. In addition to the grain boundary intersections as high‐energy concentration sites, the half plane of surface defects may act as a preferential site for pit formation . The corroded surface of the β + ω specimen was precisely examined to analyze the concentration of constituent elements within the pits and in local corroded areas (Figure ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tribological Performance and Electrochemical Behavior of Ti‐29Nb‐14Ta‐4.5Zr Alloy in Simulated Physiological Solution

et al. 2019

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Herein, the tribological performance and in vitro electrochemical behavior of Ti‐29Nb‐13Ta‐4.6Zr (TNTZ) reinforced by various nanosized phases are investigated. The various microstructures—1) single β‐phase, 2) β + α″ martensite, 3) β + ω, and 4) β + α—are prepared through purposeful heat treatment and subsequent aging. Sliding wear tests are performed under the applied load of 5 N and sliding speed of 0.3 mm s−1 against Ti‐6Al‐4V extra‐low interstitial alloy. Wear performance of the heat‐treated alloys significantly improves compared with the solution‐treated state, where the β + ω microstructure possesses the lowest weight losses. In fact, the precipitation of the nonsharable hard nanophase improves plastic shear resistance of the subsurface and in turn prohibits premature crack initiation. Such a supporting effect of the subsurface layer also increases the stability of the superficial oxide layer and decreases the amount of metallic/oxide debris. The electrochemical performances of the elaborated microstructures are assessed through potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy in the simulated body fluid. Interestingly, the β + ω alloy exhibits the extraordinary corrosion resistance compared to other structures. This is attributed to the uniform distribution, spherical morphology, and coherent interface of the ω‐nanoprecipitates.

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“…However, the pH increase suggests that Al de-alloying may occur, as well as Al(OH)3 formation as a corrosion product, as suggested by XPS analysis. • The formed corrosion layers showed cracks at the end of the exposure and localized 6 and 7) were transformed to the capacitance values (C2) of the double layer in the presence of corrosion products, using Rs, R2, and n 2 values [104,105] (Figure 13b). The increase in time of AM60 alloy capacitance (Figure 13b) may be attributed to the formation of a thicker, although less protective, corrosion layer (lower R2 values).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure 13a compares the evolution in time of charge transfer resistance (R2), corresponding to the AM60-AlN nanocomposite and AM60 alloy. According to the Brug Equation (12), the values of CPE2 (Tables 6,7) were transformed to the capacitance values (C2) of the double layer in the presence of corrosion products, using Rs, R2, and n2 values [104,105] (Figure 13b). The increase in time of AM60 alloy capacitance (Figure 13b) may be attributed to the formation of a thicker, although less protective, corrosion layer (lower R2 values).…”

Section: Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (Eis)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Corrosion Behavior of Extruded AM60-AlN Metal Matrix Nanocomposite and AM60 Alloy Exposed to Simulated Acid Rain Environment

Chávez

Véleva

Feliú

et al. 2021

Metals

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The present work compared the initial stages of corrosion process development on the AM60-AlN metal matrix nanocomposite surface and on AM60, during their exposure for 30 days to simulated acid rain solution (SAR). The AlN nanoparticles were observed as “attached” to those of Mn-rich AlMn intermetallic particles, forming clusters. The introduction of 1.0 wt.% AlN (≈ 80 nm) in the AM60 alloy carried a slight grain refinement and favored the formation of a denser and more protective corrosion layer, suggested by the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) values of higher charge transfer resistance (R2) and capacitance, characteristic of the double layer in the presence of corrosion products, and also suggested by Rn (EN) values, compared to those of the AM60 alloy. Thus, the concentration of the released Mg-ions from the composite surface was lower. Due to the increase in time of the SAR solution pH, Al de-alloying may occur, as well as Al(OH)3 formation, as confirmed by XPS analysis. Due to the presence of Cl-ions in SAR solution, localized corrosion was observed, suggested as fractional Gaussian noise of a stationary and persistent process in time, according to the PSD of the corrosion current fluctuations (EN).

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Electrochemical Study of the AISI 409 Ferritic Stainless Steel: Passive Film Stability and Pitting Nucleation and Growth

Cited by 27 publications

References 60 publications

The role of titanium in the initiation of localized corrosion of stainless steel 444

The role of titanium in the initiation of localized corrosion of stainless steel 444

Tribological Performance and Electrochemical Behavior of Ti‐29Nb‐14Ta‐4.5Zr Alloy in Simulated Physiological Solution

Corrosion Behavior of Extruded AM60-AlN Metal Matrix Nanocomposite and AM60 Alloy Exposed to Simulated Acid Rain Environment

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