Electrochemical studies of the film formation on lithium in propylene carbonate solutions under open circuit conditions

Geronov, Y; Schwager, F; Muller, R H

doi:10.2172/6513057

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 3 publications

(8 reference statements)

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“…for (L-d)<z<L [6] where z is the distance from the top to the bottom of the surface layer. When d << L, the thicknesses d and L are related to the ratio f2/fl by L/2d ~ f2/fl [7] according to the condition f2(L -d) = fi(L -d), where fi and f2 are the limiting values of each parameter for the second and first sublayers, respectively.…”

Section: Z= ~~ R~ ~=1 1 + J~o Ricimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Breiter and Dunn (4) showed that the reaction overpotential at the surface of the solid electrolyte was reduced and high sulfur utilization was realized by wrapping a high resistance mat at the surface of the solid electrolyte. Kawamoto (5,6) had clone a similar calculation, and proposed methods to realize high sulfur utilization and high energy efficiency in an actual sodium-sulfur cell. Kao and Wayner (7,8) modeled the transient behavior of the sulfur electrode by taking effects due to the variation of the chemical potential of sulfur.…”

Section: Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory Assisted In Meeting the Publica...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Propylene carbonate-based electrolytes have been studied extensively. The morphological characteristics of the surface layer have been studied by scanning electron microscopy (3,4) transmission electron microscopy (5), Auger spectroscopy (6), photoelectron spectroscopy (7), ellipsometry (8), and x-ray diffraction (9). The kinetic properties of the surface layer have been studied by means of stationary polarization (10,11), cyclic voltammetry (12), potentiostatic and galvanostatic pulse techniques (13), and electrode-impedance spectroscopy (14).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impedance of Lithium Electrodes in a Propylene Carbonate Electrolyte

Thévenin

Müller

1987

J. Electrochem. Soc.

212

127

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Different models of homogeneous, composite, and stratified surface layers have been investigated for the interpretation of impedance measurements of lithium electrodes in organic electrolytes. The surface layers are assumed to consist of organic and inorganic compounds with the properties of solid and polymer electrolytes. Comparison of predicted impedance spectra with those measured for surface layers formed in a molar solution of lithium percholate in propylene carbonate shows that with the use of assumed film properties two interphase models provide thicknesses of surface layers which agree with previous ellipsometer measurements: In a compact-stratified layer (CSL) model, the surface layer is assumed to consist of two sublayers of solid and polymer electrolytes; in a solid-polymer layer (SPL) model, the surface layer is assumed to consist of a mixture of solid and polymer electrolytes. the impedance behavior of the lithium electrode covered * Electrochemical Society Active Member.

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Section: Z= ~~ R~ ~=1 1 + J~o Ricimentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory Assisted In Meeting the Publica...mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impedance of Lithium Electrodes in a Propylene Carbonate Electrolyte

Thévenin

Müller

1987

J. Electrochem. Soc.

212

127

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“…Many studies concentrated on the system of LiAlCl 4 in SOCl 2 solvent leading to a very thick SEI layer on the Li-metal electrode due to the highly reducing character of Li and the good oxidant SOCl 2 . [8][9][10] Also LiClO 4 , LiAsF 6 , and LiBF 4 in PC, and γ-butyrolactone [10][11][12][13] have been analyzed. For these systems two different models of ionic conduction z E-mail: michael@battronics.com based on Young's equation 14,15 and space-charge limited current 10,13 have been successfully applied.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature-Dependence of the Solid-Electrolyte Interphase Overpotential: Part I. Two Parallel Mechanisms, One Phase Transition

Heß¹

2018

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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It has been shown recently that the overpotential originating from ionic conduction of alkali-ions through the inner dense solidelectrolyte interphase (SEI) is strongly non-linear. An empirical equation was proposed to merge the measured resistances from both galvanostatic cycling (GS) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) at 25 • C. Here, this analysis is extended to the full temperature range of batteries from −40 • C to +80 • C for Li, Na, K and Rb-metal electrodes in carbonate electrolytes. Two different transport mechanisms are found. The first one conducts alkali-ions at all measured temperatures. The second transport mechanism conducts ions for all seven measured Li-ion electrolytes and one out of four Na-ion electrolytes; however, only above a certain critical temperature T C . At T C a phase transition is observed switching-off the more efficient transport mechanism and leaving only the general ion conduction mechanism. The associated overpotentials increase rapidly below T C depending on alkali-ion, salt and solvent and become a limiting factor during galvanostatic operation of all Li-ion electrolytes at low temperature. In general, the current analysis merges the SEI resistances measured by EIS ranging from 26 cm 2 for the best Li up to 292 M cm 2 for Rb electrodes to its galvanostatic response over seven orders of magnitude. The determined critical temperatures are between 0-25 • C for the tested Li and above 50 • C for Na electrolytes. Extensive research over the last thirty years on Li-ion batteries (LIB) has advanced the field so that LIBs do not only power electronic gadgets anymore as in the 1990's but are also starting to drive new transportation systems like electric bikes, cars and buses. However, in transportation performance at different temperatures is far more relevant especially during recharge.Recently, it was shown that the overpotential originating from the solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) is strongly non-linear.1,2 At ambient temperature, this overpotential is negligible for Li-metal in alkylcarbonate solvents, however, severe for Na and K-metal electrodes. The resistances from both, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and short galvanostatic charge and discharges (GS) could be fit with the same parameter set by introducing an empirical equation.

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“…ROCO 2 Li). [44][45][46][47] Due to its complexity, Peled et al have proposed a complicated mosaic model of SEI, as seen in Fig. 4a.…”

Section: Secm Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Basics of the scanning electrochemical microscope and its application in the characterization of lithium-ion batteries: a brief review

Zhou²,

Tenent

et al. 2023

Mater. Chem. Front.

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Electrochemical studies of the film formation on lithium in propylene carbonate solutions under open circuit conditions

Cited by 4 publications

References 3 publications

Impedance of Lithium Electrodes in a Propylene Carbonate Electrolyte

Impedance of Lithium Electrodes in a Propylene Carbonate Electrolyte

Temperature-Dependence of the Solid-Electrolyte Interphase Overpotential: Part I. Two Parallel Mechanisms, One Phase Transition

Basics of the scanning electrochemical microscope and its application in the characterization of lithium-ion batteries: a brief review

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