Electrochemical studies of acetonitrile based supercapacitor electrolytes containing alkali and alkaline earth metal cations

Lane, George H.; Jezek, Erik

doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2014.10.112

Cited by 19 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…The redox properties of the Li(TFSI), Zn(TFSI) 2 , Ca(TFSI) 2 , Cu(TFSI) 2 , and Sc(TFSI) 3 , as well as spiro-OMeTAD, were probed by CV in CH 3 CN (Figure S4, Supporting Information). While Li(TFSI), Ca(TFSI) 2 , and Sc(TFSI) 3 are redox-inactive in a large potential range, showing only irreversible reduction at negative potentials beyond −2.5 V versus Fc + /Fc, in accordance with reports in the literature and their applications as supporting electrolytes, [32] Zn(TFSI) 2 shows an irreversible reduction at −1.5 V. In the CV back-scan, a trace crossing was observed with an intense adsorption re-oxidation peak occurred at −0.85 V.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

“…The redox properties of the Li(TFSI), Zn(TFSI) 2 , Ca(TFSI) 2 , Cu(TFSI) 2 , and Sc(TFSI) 3 , as well as spiro‐OMeTAD, were probed by CV in CH 3 CN (Figure S4, Supporting Information). While Li(TFSI), Ca(TFSI) 2 , and Sc(TFSI) 3 are redox‐inactive in a large potential range, showing only irreversible reduction at negative potentials beyond −2.5 V versus Fc + /Fc, in accordance with reports in the literature and their applications as supporting electrolytes, [ 32 ] Zn(TFSI) 2 shows an irreversible reduction at −1.5 V. In the CV back‐scan, a trace crossing was observed with an intense adsorption re‐oxidation peak occurred at −0.85 V. Such voltammetric response can be likely explained by a two‐electron reduction of Zn 2+ followed by the adsorption of metallic Zn 0 at the electrode and its re‐oxidation to Zn 2+ and dissolution during the back scan. In contrast, Cu(TFSI) 2 shows a reversible redox process at 0.64 V versus Fc + /Fc and an irreversible reduction at E p of −0.88 V. In the CV back‐scan, several adsorption re‐oxidation peaks in the −0.15 to −0.75 V potential range can be likely linked with the reverse of this process.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 85%

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Dopant Engineering for Spiro‐OMeTAD Hole‐Transporting Materials towards Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells

Seo

Akın

Zalibera

et al. 2021

Adv Funct Materials

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One of the most prominent hole‐transporting material (HTM) for hybrid perovskite solar cells has been 2,2″,7,7″‐tetrakis[N,N‐di(4‐methoxyphenyl)amino]‐9,9′‐spirobifluorene (spiro‐OMeTAD), which is commonly doped with metal bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (M(TFSI)n) salts that contribute to generating the active radical cation HTM species. The underlying role of the metal cation, however, remains elusive. Here, the effect of metal cations (M = Li, Zn, Ca, Cu, and Sc) on doping spiro‐OMeTAD is analyzed by a combination of techniques, including electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry, which is complemented by photovoltaic device and hole mobility analysis. As a result, the authors reveal the superiority of Zn(TFSI)2 salts in device performances as compared to the others, including redox‐active Cu(TFSI)2. This analysis thereby unravels new design principles for dopant engineering in HTMs for hybrid perovskite photovoltaics.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 85%

Dopant Engineering for Spiro‐OMeTAD Hole‐Transporting Materials towards Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells

Seo

Akın

Zalibera

et al. 2021

Adv Funct Materials

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“…Lane et al. investigated the influence of various alkali and alkaline‐earth ion conducting salts in ACN on the capacitance of EDLCs . Palm et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Different Conductive Salts in ACN‐Based Electrolytes for Electrochemical Double‐Layer Capacitors

et al. 2016

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Herein we report a systematic investigation of the chemical and physical properties of acetonitrile‐based electrolytes that contained the salts tetraethylammonium tetrafluroroborate (Et4NBF4), tetraethylammonium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)‐ imide (Et4NTFSI), 1‐butyl‐1‐methylpyrrolidinium tetrafluoroborate (Pyr14BF4), or 1‐butyl‐1‐methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (Pyr14TFSI). The ionic conductivity, viscosity, density, and electrochemical stability windows of these electrolytic solutions have been considered in detail. From these results, the electrolyte Et4NTFSI (1 mol dm−3) in ACN appeared to display a promising set of properties that allow the realization of ACN‐based electrochemical double‐layer capacitors able to display stable behavior at 3.1 V.

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“…According to coordination theory [ 38 ], most metal ions form metal complexes with an octahedral structure with the presence of a large number of ligands, such as H 2 O and NH 3 , in the solution. According to the electronic theory of acid and alkali [ 39 ], the alkalinity of NH 3 is stronger than H 2 O. The ligand H 2 O around Co (II) in [Co(H 2 O) 6 ] 2+ will be inevitably replaced by NH 3 to form a metal complex with an octahedral structure.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of Honeycomb-Like Co3O4 Nanosheets with Excellent Supercapacitive Performance by Morphological Controlling Derived from the Alkaline Source Ratio

Jia

Lü

et al. 2018

Materials

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Honeycomb-like Co3O4 nanosheets with high specific surface area were successfully synthesized on porous nickel foam by the facile hydrothermal method followed by an annealing treatment (300 °C), which were used as high-performance supercapacitor electrodes. The effects of the mole ratio of hexamethylenetetramine (HMT) and Co(NO3)2 (1:1, 2:1, 3:1, 4:1, 5:1 and 6:1) as the reactants on the morphological evolution and electrochemical performance of the electrodes were investigated in detail. X-ray diffractometry (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were applied to characterize the structure and morphology of the products. The electrochemical performance was measured by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and galvanostatic charge/discharge. The mole ratio of HMT and Co(NO3)2 produced a significant effect on the morphological evolution of Co3O4. The morphological evolution of Co3O4 with the increase in the mole ratio was followed: the nanosheets accompanied with a large number of spherical nanoparticles → the formation of some strip-like particles due to the agglomeration of spherical nanoparticles → the formation of new nanosheets resulting from the growth of strip-like particles → the formation of coarse flower-like particles owing to the connection among the nanosheets → the nanosheets gradually covered with flower-like particles. Accompanied with the change, the specific surface area was increased firstly, and then decreased. A maximum was obtained at a HMT and Co(NO3)2 mole ratio of 4:1. The evolution in morphology of Co3O4 was responsible for the change in electrochemical performance of the electrode. The specific capacitance value of the electrode prepared at a HMT and Co(NO3)2 mole ratio of 4:1 was highest (743.00 F·g−1 at 1 A·g−1 in the galvanostatic charge/discharge test). The similar result was also observed in the CV test with a scanning rate of 5 mV·s−1. Moreover, the electrode also demonstrated an excellent cyclic performance, in which about 97% of the initial specific capacitance remained at 1 A·g−1 for 500 cycles in the galvanostatic charge/discharge test. This excellent electrochemical performance was ascribed to high specific surface area of Co3O4 nanosheets that provide added channels and space for the ions transportation.

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Electrochemical studies of acetonitrile based supercapacitor electrolytes containing alkali and alkaline earth metal cations

Cited by 19 publications

References 49 publications

Dopant Engineering for Spiro‐OMeTAD Hole‐Transporting Materials towards Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells

Dopant Engineering for Spiro‐OMeTAD Hole‐Transporting Materials towards Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells

Characterization of Different Conductive Salts in ACN‐Based Electrolytes for Electrochemical Double‐Layer Capacitors

Synthesis of Honeycomb-Like Co3O4 Nanosheets with Excellent Supercapacitive Performance by Morphological Controlling Derived from the Alkaline Source Ratio

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