Electrochemical solution properties of poly(vinylbenzyltrialkylammonium) salts

Abstract

Poly(vinylbenzy1triaIkylammonium) salts with alkyl groups having 1 to 8 carbon atoms on the ammonium nitrogen atom were synthesized.The polymers are soluble in water but have different solubility when low molecular salts such as sodium chloride are added. The reduced solution viscosity in water showed typical polyelectrolyte behavior. Larger alkyl groups make the polymers much less soluble and even insoluble in water.The polymers are still soluble in methanol. To study the counterion-polyion interactions in semidilute and dilute solution the electrical conductivity and counterion activity were investigated in a range of low polyelectrolyte concentration monomol/l). With decreasing concentration, below the overlap concentration, a rapid increase of the equivalent conductivity occurred followed by a maximum. The electrochemical solution properties were found to be influenced by the size of the substituents of the cationic group.

Synthesis and characterization of polyacrylamide‐grafted sodium alginate copolymeric membranes and their use in pervaporation separation of water and tetrahydrofuran mixtures

“…The homopolymers were highly soluble in water, and the measured inherent viscosities of PVTMAC and PVBTEAC were 22.0 dL/g (0.2% in DI water) and 12.1 dL/g (0.2% in DI water), respectively. These high inherent viscosities corresponded to molecular weights ( M w 's) ranging between 500,000 and 1,000,000 g/mol 44, 45. The inherent viscosity of PVBTBAC was considerably lower (4.3 dL/g at 0.2% in DI water).…”

Concentration Regimes in Polyelectrolyte Solutions

“…Conductivity Data. The plot of the equivalent conductivity vs the logarithm of the polyelectrolyte concentration was found to be most informative to demonstrate the concentration-dependent changes of the polyelectrolyte conductivity over several orders of magnitude . The equivalent conductivity has been calculated corresponding to ref as where κ and κ 0 are the specific conductivity of the solution and the solvent, respectively.…”

“…Poly(sodiumstyrene sulfonate) (NaPSS) from Polymer Standards (Mainz, Germany) and Pressure Chemical Corp. (Pittsburgh, PA) and poly(diallydimethylammonium chloride) (PDADMAC) have been used for electrolytic conductivity and counterion activity measurements. The synthesis of PDADMAC and the purification, structure analysis, and characterization of both polyelectrolytes have been previously described. ,, The NaPSS samples with charge distances of 0.25 nm were narrow distributed standards ( M w / M n < 1.2 for M w = 8000 and 35 000 g mol -1 , and M w / M n < 1.1 for M w = 46 400, 183 000, and 356 000 g mol -1 ). The PDADMACs with charge distances of 0.5 nm and molar masses M n = 12 000, 22 000, 72 000, 170 000, and 325 000 g mol -1 had molar mass distributions less than 1.5.…”

Partial Molar and Specific Volumes of Polyelectrolytes: Comparison of Experimental and Predicted Values in Salt-free Solutions

“…The synthesis, preparation, and characterization of poly(vinylbenzyltrialkylammonium chloride)s (PVBAC)s have been described in detail . The poly(methyacryloyloxyethyltrialkylammonium chloride)s (PMETAC)s, -trimethyl- (PMETAC-A) and -benzyldimethyl- (PMETAC-B), as well as poly(methacryloylamidopropyltrimethylammonium chloride) (PMAPAC) and the acryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonim chloride/acrylamide copolymer (PETAC-AA-40) were synthesized by radical solution polymerization of the appropriate monomers .…”