Electrochemical Sensor for Detection of Paracetamol Based on Pendent Nitrogen Heterocyclic Ring‐Functionalized Polyterthiophene Derivatives

Abstract

In this work, the donor-acceptor (DÀ A) type conducting polymer with pendent nitrogen heterocycle (pyridine or pyrimidine) grafted polyterthiophene derivatives based electrochemical sensor for paracetamol (PAR) was proposed. The structure of polymer materials was characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), UV-vis spectroscopy (UV-vis), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Thermogravimetric (TG) analysis methods. The electrochemical performance of polymer modified electrodes was investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) methods. The effect of pendent nitrogen heterocycles on the structure and electrochemical performance of polymers were studied. The results showed that the non-covalent interactions (hydrogen bonding and π-π stacking) between the polymers and PAR could improve the electrochemical behavior. Compared with that of pyridine, the pyrimidine grafted polymer exhibited better electrochemical performance with a minimum detection concentration of 0.16 μM, a linear range of 0.16 μM-1300 μM, and a minimum detection limit of 0.06 μM.

Fabrication of Strontium Molybdate with Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes for Electrochemical Determination of Antipyretic Drug-Acetaminophen

“…The following supporting information can be downloaded at: https: //www.mdpi.com/article/10.3390/ma17122887/s1, Figure S1: (A-F) TEM image and elemental color mapping of SrMoO 4 @f-CNF composite, (F) EDX; Figure S2: (A) CV curves for SrMoO 4 @f-CNF electrode at various pH medium towards 100 µM PCT, (B) different catalyst loading amounts of SrMoO 4 @f-CNF (C) cycle stability, (D) selectivity study, (E) reproducibility; Table S1: Analytical performance of different sensors for PCT detection; Table S2: Recovery study of spiked PCT in river water and tablet samples (n = 3). References [25][26][27][28][29][42][43][44][45] are cited in the supplementary materials.…”

On‐Site Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Paracetamol Analgesic in Non‐Invasively Collected Saliva for Personalized Medicine

“…[10] The well-defined voltametric response to micromolar paracetamol amounts demonstrates the ability of the electrochemical device for paracetamol tracking due to the expected micromolar levels of analgesic in human saliva. Although various sensing tools were reported to detect paracetamol, [10,22,[28][29][30] the current work is the first study describing the direct paracetamol detection and monitoring in undiluted human saliva samples. The signals from ten successive measurements with 100 µm of paracetamol in Figure 2B lead to an relative standard deviation (RSD) of 5.5%.…”