Electrochemical Sensor Based on Biomass Yeast Integrated Sulfur‐doped Graphene and Carboxylated Carbon Nanotubes/MoS₂ for Highly‐sensitive Detection of Pb²⁺

Abstract

Glassy carbon electrodes (GCEs) modified with sulfur‐doped graphene (SG)/carboxylated carbon nanotube (CNT−COOH)/MoS2/yeast composite were prepared for electrochemical detection for lead ions by the simple hydrothermal methods and ultrasonic methods. The combination of SG and CNT−COOH could form a double‐layer carbon structure, providing more active detection sites for detection for lead, which could also contribute to adherence of yeast and MoS2. The SG/CNT−COOH/MoS2/yeast exhibited a high response in detecting low concentrations of lead ions. And then the SG/CNT−COOH/MoS2/yeast was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Transmission electron microscope (TEM), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Compared with traditional detection technology, the linear range of the sensor was 10−6∼10−14 g/L. And the lower of detection (LOD) down to 2.61×10−15 g/L was achieved. The sensor showed prospective applications in detection of Pb2+ in real serum samples.

Biomass-Derived Carbon-Based Electrodes for Electrochemical Sensing: A Review

“…Yin et al [ 106 ] modified a glassy carbon electrode with a composite made of sulfur-doped graphene (SG), carboxylated carbon nanotube (COOH-CNT), and yeast for the electrochemical detection of lead ions. The composite was prepared using a simple hydrothermal method.…”

“…Bovine bones, crab-derived waste, eggshell membrane, and pig blood have been used to develop a wide variety of target molecules, including H 2 O 2 , heavy metals, and organic compounds. Yin et al [106] modified a glassy carbon electrode with a composite made of sulfurdoped graphene (SG), carboxylated carbon nanotube (COOH-CNT), and yeast for the electrochemical detection of lead ions. The composite was prepared using a simple hydrothermal method.…”

“…The authors attributed the high sensing performance to the double-layer carbon structure formed by the combination of sulfur-doped graphene and carboxylated carbon nanotubes. Yin et al [106] modified a glassy carbon electrode with a composite made of sulfurdoped graphene (SG), carboxylated carbon nanotube (COOH-CNT), and yeast for the electrochemical detection of lead ions. The composite was prepared using a simple hydrothermal method.…”