Electrochemical Sensing Characteristics of 3D TiO₂ Nanostructures with Different Crystal Structures and Morphologies

Abstract

Three-dimensional (3D) metal inorganics have gained tremendous interests for a series of applications. Here, we prepared TiO 2 microspheres, urchin-like TiO 2 , and flower-like TiO 2 by hydrothermal method. The morphologies of the three 3D TiO 2 nanostructures were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction analyses. The electrochemical behaviors of the 3D TiO 2 nanostructures were investigated by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry studies. Results showed that 3D TiO 2 -modified electrodes exhibited improved electrochemical performance compared with bare electrode. The three 3D nanostructures were then used with a modified glassy carbon electrode to detect dopamine (DA). According to the experimental results, the flower-like TiO 2 /GCE demonstrated excellent electrochemical performance than the two other electrodes. The enhanced electrochemical performance of the 3D flower-like TiO 2 /GCE is mainly affected by the structure of anatase crystal, which is the most important factor for the enhanced electrochemical performances toward DA detection. The flower-like TiO 2 /GCE, urchin-like TiO 2 /GCE, and TiO 2 microspheres/GCE possessed linear ranges of 0.02-160, 1-180, and 1-160 μM, with limit of detection values of 0.007, 0.31, and 0.33 μM, respectively.

Self-organized and self-assembled TiO2 nanosheets and nanobowls on TiO2 nanocavities by electrochemical anodization and their properties

“…Nanosheets are nanostructured materials that have a shape of sheet whose thickness is lesser than 100 nm and their length is by the order of a few micrometers [2,3]. Commonly, nanosheets are synthesized either by exfoliation or hydrothermal and solvothermal processes [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] and they have been applied to Li-ion batteries and supercapacitors for improving the charge and discharge time, and in solar cells [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. In 2019, Zhao et al investigated GeSe nanosheets, and demonstrated that these can be used in surface plasmon resonance sensor by depositing it by spin coating, improving the sensitivity of the sensor in the detection of heavy metals and chemical molecular identification [9].…”

“…In 2019, Zhao et al investigated GeSe nanosheets, and demonstrated that these can be used in surface plasmon resonance sensor by depositing it by spin coating, improving the sensitivity of the sensor in the detection of heavy metals and chemical molecular identification [9]. However, all these fabrication processes are highly expensive and do not allow a precise control of the periodicity of the nanostructures [3][4][5][6][7][8][9].…”

A Physical Insight of Phase-Dependent Electron Transfer Kinetic Behaviors and Electrocatalytic Activity of an Iron Oxide-Based Sensing Nanoplatform Towards Chloramphenicol

“…5 The dependence of electrochemical sensing properties for tartrazine and Sunset yellow on the morphologies of CuS crystals was investigated for constructing the high-performance electrochemical sensors for the detection of colorants. 6 Bai et al 7 demonstrated that the crystal structure and morphology of TiO 2 nanostructures strongly affected on the electrochemical sensing performance in the determination of dopamine. The recent trend has focused on designing and modulating the electronic structure of nanomaterials to enhance their charge transfer ability and electrocatalytic activities for constructing the high-performance electrochemical sensors.…”

Review—Electrochemical and SERS Sensors for Cultural Heritage Diagnostics and Conservation: Recent Advances and Prospects

“…As will be seen in the final section of this review, the fact that both techniques employ metal substrates will lead, in the near future, to the development of sensors capable to provide both spectroscopic and electrochemical information. Note that, in the last years, both the electrochemistry and SERS have witnessed significant improvements in analytical performances which, together with the smart use of nanomaterials, has allowed to obtain always more and more efficient and sensitive electrochemical [6][7][8][9][10] or Raman based [11][12][13] sensing devices.…”