Electrochemical scaffold generates localized, low concentration of hydrogen peroxide that inhibits bacterial pathogens and biofilms

Sultana, Sujala T.; Atçı, Erhan; Babauta, Jerome T.; Falghoush, Azeza; Snekvik, Kevin; Call, Douglas R.; Beyenal, Haluk

doi:10.1038/srep14908

Cited by 76 publications

(104 citation statements)

References 47 publications

(86 reference statements)

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“…Nevertheless, no existing scaffolds are capable of the continuous, controlled delivery of antimicrobials for the complete eradication of biofilm infections. A recently developed electrochemical scaffold (e-scaffold) produces a continuous, localized, low concentration of H 2 O 2 near the biofilm surface that is sufficient to damage biofilm communities with no apparent damage to host tissue10. The e-scaffold functions by partially reducing dissolved oxygen in aqueous solution to form H 2 O 2 as per equation (1)1011.…”

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

“…Based on this finding, an e-scaffold was developed using a conductive carbon fabric material that can be overlaid onto biofilm-infected surfaces10. When polarized at −600 mV Ag/AgCl , the e-scaffold reduces oxygen to produce a sustained concentration of H 2 O 2 near the fabric surface, which can prevent/delay biofilm growth or remove preformed biofilms1013. In practical terms, an e-scaffold saturated with an electrolyte can be overlaid on the biofilm-infected wound surface to keep it moist and electrochemically reduce the dissolved oxygen to H 2 O 2 10.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…When polarized at −600 mV Ag/AgCl , the e-scaffold reduces oxygen to produce a sustained concentration of H 2 O 2 near the fabric surface, which can prevent/delay biofilm growth or remove preformed biofilms1013. In practical terms, an e-scaffold saturated with an electrolyte can be overlaid on the biofilm-infected wound surface to keep it moist and electrochemically reduce the dissolved oxygen to H 2 O 2 10. Although this previously developed e-scaffold prevented/delayed or removed biofilm growth, its efficacy can be improved and this is the goal of the present work.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The decomposition of H 2 O 2 by catalase in the biofilm matrix was considered a limiting mechanism for e-scaffolds. Nevertheless, recent work has shown that when the H 2 O 2 is delivered continuously at low concentrations (on the order of μM), H 2 O 2 can diffuse into biofilms faster than it decomposes and thus it can be used as an effective biocide at low concentrations1013.…”

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Maltodextrin enhances biofilm elimination by electrochemical scaffold

Sultana

Call

Beyenal

2016

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Electrochemical scaffolds (e-scaffolds) continuously generate low concentrations of H2O2 suitable for damaging wound biofilms without damaging host tissue. Nevertheless, retarded diffusion combined with H2O2 degradation can limit the efficacy of this potentially important clinical tool. H2O2 diffusion into biofilms and bacterial cells can be increased by damaging the biofilm structure or by activating membrane transportation channels by exposure to hyperosmotic agents. We hypothesized that e-scaffolds would be more effective against Acinetobacter baumannii and Staphylococcus aureus biofilms in the presence of a hyperosmotic agent. E-scaffolds polarized at −600 mVAg/AgCl were overlaid onto preformed biofilms in media containing various maltodextrin concentrations. E-scaffold alone decreased A. baumannii and S. aureus biofilm cell densities by (3.92 ± 0.15) log and (2.31 ± 0.12) log, respectively. Compared to untreated biofilms, the efficacy of the e-scaffold increased to a maximum (8.27 ± 0.05) log reduction in A. baumannii and (4.71 ± 0.12) log reduction in S. aureus biofilm cell densities upon 10 mM and 30 mM maltodextrin addition, respectively. Overall ~55% decrease in relative biofilm surface coverage was achieved for both species. We conclude that combined treatment with electrochemically generated H2O2 from an e-scaffold and maltodextrin is more effective in decreasing viable biofilm cell density.

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Maltodextrin enhances biofilm elimination by electrochemical scaffold

Sultana

Call

Beyenal

2016

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Hydrogen peroxide‐producing electrochemical bandage controlled by a wearable potentiostat for treatment of wound infections

Mohamed¹,

Anoy²,

Tibbits³

et al. 2021

Biotech & Bioengineering

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Chronic wound infections caused by biofilm-forming microorganisms represent a major burden to healthcare systems. Treatment of chronic wound infections using conventional antibiotics is often ineffective due to the presence of bacteria with acquired antibiotic resistance and biofilm-associated antibiotic tolerance. We previously developed an electrochemical scaffold that generates hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) at low concentrations in the vicinity of biofilms. The goal of this study was to transition our electrochemical scaffold into an H 2 O 2 -generating electrochemical bandage (e-bandage) that can be used in vivo. The developed e-bandage uses a xanthan gum-based hydrogel to maintain electrolytic conductivity between e-bandage electrodes and biofilms. The e-bandage is controlled using a lightweight, battery-powered wearable potentiostat suitable for use in animal experiments. Weshow that e-bandage treatment reduced colony-forming units of Acinetobacter buamannii biofilms (treatment vs. control) in 12 h (7.32 ± 1.70 vs. 9.73 ± 0.09 log 10 [CFU/cm 2 ]) and 24 h (4.10 ± 12.64 vs. 9.78 ± 0.08 log 10 [CFU/cm 2 ]) treatments, with 48 h treatment reducing viable cells below the limit of detection of quantitative and broth cultures. The developed H 2 O 2 -generating e-bandage was effective against in vitro A. baumannii biofilms and should be further evaluated and developed as a potential alternative to topical antibiotic treatment of wound infections.

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Hydrogen‐Peroxide‐Generating Electrochemical Scaffold Eradicates Methicillin‐Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Biofilms

et al. 2019

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Increasing rates of chronic wound infections caused by antibiotic‐resistant bacteria are a crisis in healthcare settings. Biofilms formed by bacterial communities in these wounds create a complex environment, enabling bacteria to persist, even with antibiotic treatment. Wound infections caused by methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) are major causes of morbidity in clinical practice. There is a need for new therapeutic interventions not based on antibiotics. Hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) is a known antibacterial/antibiofilm agent, continuous delivery of which has been challenging. A conductive electrochemical scaffold (e‐scaffold) is developed, which is composed of carbon fabric that electrochemically reduces dissolved oxygen into H 2 O 2 when polarized at −0.6 V Ag/AgCl , as a novel antibiofilm wound dressing material. In this study, the in vitro antibiofilm activity of the e‐scaffold against MRSA is investigated. The developed e‐scaffold efficiently eradicates MRSA biofilms, based on bacterial quantitation and ATP measurements. Moreover, imaging hinted at the possibility of cell‐membrane damage as a mechanism of action. These results suggest that an H 2 O 2 ‐generating e‐scaffold may be a novel platform for eliminating MRSA biofilms without using antibiotics and may be useful to treat chronic MRSA wound infections.

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Electrochemical scaffold generates localized, low concentration of hydrogen peroxide that inhibits bacterial pathogens and biofilms

Cited by 76 publications

References 47 publications

Maltodextrin enhances biofilm elimination by electrochemical scaffold

Maltodextrin enhances biofilm elimination by electrochemical scaffold

Hydrogen peroxide‐producing electrochemical bandage controlled by a wearable potentiostat for treatment of wound infections

Hydrogen‐Peroxide‐Generating Electrochemical Scaffold Eradicates Methicillin‐Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Biofilms

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