Electrochemical removal of pharmaceuticals from water streams: Reactivity elucidation by mass spectrometry

Brillas, Enric; Sirés, Ignasi

doi:10.1016/j.trac.2015.01.013

Cited by 74 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Surface water contamination by distinct synthetic organic compounds (SOC) has become one of the most important problems in this century, because of the SOC recalcitrance towards removal by microorganisms and the increasing scarcity of easily available surface water [1]. A large number of papers have reported on the detection, through liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry [2], of many different classes of SOC in surface water [3], even after treatment at municipal wastewater treatment plants, such as: herbicides, antibiotics, personal care products, and so on [4,5]. In the environment, such compounds can cause severe damage to aquatic and human lives [6], and thus their effects need further investigation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the performance of a hybrid process to mineralize the herbicide tebuthiuron using a DSA® anode and UVC light: A mechanistic study

Montes

Silva²,

Aquino

2017

Applied Catalysis B: Environmental

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A hybrid electrochemical and photochemical (HEP) process was used to oxidize and mineralize the herbicide tebuthiuron (TBT), which is a potential contaminant of ground water, using a DSA ® anode and UVC light. The electrochemical and photochemical experiments were carried out in flow reactors and the investigated variables were: i) power of the Hg lamp (5, 9, 80, and 125 W), ii) solution pH (3, 7, 11, and no control), iii) NaCl concentration (0, 1, 2, and 4 g L −1), and iv) electric current density (10, 20, and 30 mA cm −2). The performance of the oxidation and mineralization process of TBT and its intermediates was assessed by high performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry and total organic carbon analyses. The use of a 9 W Hg lamp led to complete oxidation and mineralization of TBT, and its intermediate compounds, from acidic to neutral solutions, independently of the applied electric current density, and with increasing NaCl concentration. High CO 2 conversions were obtained using the HEP process, as the generated intermediates (including an organochlorine) were completely eliminated. TBT removal rates similar to those of an electrochemical experiment using a boron-doped diamond anode were attained using the HEP process, but with higher energy consumption; however, chlorinated carboxylic acids were no longer present in the final treatment stages. The HEP process could be regarded as an advanced oxidation process, being an interesting option to treat effluents contaminated with organics if a proper optimization of the UVC lamp is done.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the performance of a hybrid process to mineralize the herbicide tebuthiuron using a DSA® anode and UVC light: A mechanistic study

Montes

Silva²,

Aquino

2017

Applied Catalysis B: Environmental

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“…Several studies have shown the reliability of electrochemical techniques for treating synthetic industrial discharges containing several compounds. The results of their research enabled the determination of the experimental conditions necessary to remove of organic matter from the actual effluents [4][5][6]. Despite the advantages outlined above, some deficiencies persist, limiting the use of these electrochemical methods in the treatment of industrial discharges.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical degradation of Orange G in K2SO4 and KCl medium

Hamous

Khenifi

Bouberka

2019

Environmental Engineering Research

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In this work, a detailed study on the electrochemical degradation of an azo dye, Orange G is performed using a platinum electrode. Indeed, the influence of the dye concentration (50-150 mg/L), the pH of the medium and the density of the electric current is studied on the rate of discoloration, the rate of mineralization, the efficiency of the electric current and the energy consumption. The UV-visible spectra of OG plotted against the degradation time show the decrease of the intensity of the characteristic dye peaks. In an environment rich in chlorides, all peaks disappear after 15 min of degradation. However, the peaks at wavelengths of 200 and 290 nm appeared after one hour of treatment. In K2SO4, the eliminated percentages are respectively 46, 54 and 61% for wavelengths of 245, 330 and 480 nm. This suggests that the degradation mechanisms in K2SO4 and KCl environments are not the same. In the middle rich in chlorides, the eliminated percentage of OG did not seem to be affected by the concentrations increase. These results confirm the hypothesis that electrochemical oxidation process is very favorable for concentrated pollutants discharge.

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“…[1][2][3] Great social alarm has been created by the presence of these compounds, even trace amounts, in water streams due to their potentially harmful effects on the entire ecosystem, particularly on humans and animals. [4,5] Hence, powerful oxidation processes must be developed to ensure their complete removal from wastewater. Dipyrone (metamizole) is a ubiquitous antipyrine compound, widely prescribed as anti-inflammatory and analgesic drug.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[11] AOPs seem highly promising for treating drugs because they produce strong oxidizing species like hydroxyl radical ( * OH) and other reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to mineralization of most organic pollutants in water. [4,[12][13][14] Photoelectro-Fenton (PEF) is one of the most powerful electrochemical AOPs (EAOPs). It is a sequential or hybrid process in which the oxidation power of * OH generated on site is synergistically combined with the photolytic ability of UVA photons.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of 4‐Aminoantipyrine Degradation and Mineralization by Photoelectro‐Fenton with a Boron‐Doped Diamond Anode: Optimization, Treatment in Municipal Secondary Effluent, and Toxicity

et al. 2019

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a] 4-Aminoantipyrine (4-AA), a persistent metabolite of dipyrone found in natural water, has been treated in 100 mL of aqueous 0.050 M Na 2 SO 4 solutions at pH 3.0 by photoelectro-Fenton (PEF) with a 4 W UVA lamp. The assays were performed in a cell equipped with a boron-doped diamond (BDD) anode and an air-diffusion cathode for H 2 O 2 generation. The formation of an unstable Fe(III)-4-AA complex with 1 : 2 molar ratio was evidenced. A 2 4 central composite design was used to assess the effect of four independent variables on PEF performance.The optimized conditions for 62.5 mg L À 1 4-AA were: current density of 77.5 mA cm À 2 and 47.75 mg L À 1 Fe 2 + , yielding 99 % 4-AA degradation at 7 min, and 45 % 4-AA mineralization with 3.2 % mineralization current efficiency at 130 min. Slightly slower degradation and similar mineralization were obtained under these conditions when 4-AA was spiked into a municipal secondary effluent, showing a low influence of natural organic matter on PEF. The initially high acute toxicity determined using Artemia salina was largely diminished upon PEF treatment.

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Electrochemical removal of pharmaceuticals from water streams: Reactivity elucidation by mass spectrometry

Cited by 74 publications

References 48 publications

On the performance of a hybrid process to mineralize the herbicide tebuthiuron using a DSA® anode and UVC light: A mechanistic study

On the performance of a hybrid process to mineralize the herbicide tebuthiuron using a DSA® anode and UVC light: A mechanistic study

Electrochemical degradation of Orange G in K<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> and KCl medium

Assessment of 4‐Aminoantipyrine Degradation and Mineralization by Photoelectro‐Fenton with a Boron‐Doped Diamond Anode: Optimization, Treatment in Municipal Secondary Effluent, and Toxicity

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