Electrochemical Reaction Between Lithium and β-Quartz GeO[sub 2]

Peña, Jesús Santos; Sandu, I.; Joubert, Olivier; Pascual, Flor Sánchez; Areán, C. Otero; Brousse, Thierry

doi:10.1149/1.1778931

Cited by 75 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…6(a) shows the first 10 CV plots of LAGP/LiPF 6 EC + DMC/Li cell. It can be seen that there are three reduction peaks at 1.0 V, 0.8 V and 0.4 V, respectively, which correspond to the reduction of LAGP, solid electrolyte interface (SEI) formation and Li x Ge formation [28][29][30]. An oxidation peak due to lithium de-intercation appears when scanned at the positive direction.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Partial substitution of Ge 4+ with Al 3+ has shown improved porous density of LiGe 2 (PO 4 ) 3 as well as enhanced Li + ion conductivity. It has also been found that Ge and Ge oxide are capable of interaction with lithium to form Li x Ge alloy compounds [28][29][30], which means that Ge compounds are capable of electrochemical reactive at low voltage. Therefore it would be interested to know whether LAGP is electrochemically stable with lithium.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lithium storage capability of lithium ion conductor Li1.5Al0.5Ge1.5(PO4)3

Feng

Lai

2010

Journal of Alloys and Compounds

132

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lithium storage capability of lithium ion conductor Li1.5Al0.5Ge1.5(PO4)3

Feng

Lai

2010

Journal of Alloys and Compounds

132

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“…In the first reduction scan of the GeO 2 /Ge/C sample (Figure 5a), a shoulder at about 1.3 V could be related to the formation of a vitreous phase lithium germanate and subsequent formation of amorphous Li x GeO 2 . 26 The peak at 1.1 V is most probably due to formation of the SEI layer, as it is not reversible. In the voltage region between 0.75 V and 0.01 V, the peaks can be related to the lithium reactions with GeO 2 , which are described by the conversion reaction (Equation 1) and the alloying reaction (Equation 2).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The oxides of these metals (SiO, [20][21][22][23] Germanium dioxide nanoparticles have been previously studied as anode material for LIBs and were reported to react with up to 9 Li + during the first discharge cycle. 26 The lithium storage mechanism is described by an initial conversion reaction ( …”

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confidence: 99%

Catalytic Role of Ge in Highly Reversible GeO₂/Ge/C Nanocomposite Anode Material for Lithium Batteries

et al. 2013

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GeO2/Ge/C anode material synthesized using a simple method involving simultaneous carbon coating and reduction by acetylene gas is composed of nanosized GeO2/Ge particles coated by a thin layer of carbon, which is also interconnected between neighboring particles to form clusters of up to 30 μm. The GeO2/Ge/C composite shows a high capacity of up to 1860 mAh/g and 1680 mAh/g at 1 C (2.1 A/g) and 10 C rates, respectively. This good electrochemical performance is related to the fact that the elemental germanium nanoparticles present in the composite increases the reversibility of the conversion reaction of GeO2. These factors have been found through investigating and comparing GeO2/Ge/C, GeO2/C, nanosized GeO2, and bulk GeO2.

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“…GeO 2 has been studied since 10 years as a potential anode material [431]. During the first discharge reaction, an amorphous Li 2 O · GeO 2 phase forms at 0.65 V, and in the range 0.55-0.35 V, crystal structure destruction occurs to form the nano composite Li 2 O · Ge and (LiGe).…”

Section: Geo 2 and Germanatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anodes for Li-Ion Batteries

et al. 2016

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Lithium-ion batteries (LiBs) have made considerable progress since the first commercial one by Sony in 1991, which had LiCoO 2 and graphite as active elements of the positive and negative electrodes, respectively. The LiBs are now the primary energy storage devices in the transportation and communications, from portable use in computers, up to electric and hybrid vehicles. More recently, they have also been used as back-up supply units, frequency regulators (load leveling) to integrate on smart grids the electricity produced by windmills and photovoltaic plants (for a recent review, see [1]). These applications require high energy densities, high power, and safety among others. Considerable efforts have been made to propose other electrodes to fulfill these requirements. We have recently reviewed the works and progress concerning the materials for the positive electrode [2][3][4][5][6]. The present work is devoted to the materials for the negative electrode counterpart. It is common to use the terminology anode and cathode for the negative and positive electrodes, respectively, although the electrodes play alternatively the role of anode and cathode during the charge and discharge process. We shall use this terminology in the following for conciseness purposes only.An ideal active anode element should fulfill the following requirements as follows: (1) It must be light and accommodate as much Li as possible to optimize the gravimetric capacity. (2) Its redox potential with respect to Li 0 /Li + must be as small as possible at any Li-concentration. The reason is that this potential is subtracted to the redox potential of the cathode material to give the overall voltage of the cell, and smaller voltage means smaller energy density. (3) It must possess good electronic and ionic conductivities since faster motion of the lithium ions and the electrons also mean higher power density of the cell. (4) It must not be soluble in the solvents of the electrolyte and not react with the lithium salt. (5) It must be safe, i.e. avoid any thermal runaway of the battery, a criterion that is not independent of the previous one, but deserves special attention, especially for use in transportation such as electric vehicles and planes. (6) It must be cheap and environmentally friendly. The different materials proposed as anode elements for Li-ion batteries must be discussed with respect to these different criteria.The graphite is still the most used anode material and is still the reference. The first works giving evidence of the insertion of lithium in graphite date from 1955 [7], confirmed by the synthesis of LiC 6 in 1965 [8]. The synthesis of LiC 6 , however, was not obtained by electrochemical process at that time. Another decade was spent before Besenhard and Eichinger discovered the reversible intercalation of lithium in graphite, proposing this material as an anode in 1976 [9,10]. Increasing the Li content in LiC 6 is possible [8], but no reversible cycling beyond LiC 6 could ever be obtained. The graphite anode can thus be cyc...

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Electrochemical Reaction Between Lithium and β-Quartz GeO[sub 2]

Cited by 75 publications

References 19 publications

Lithium storage capability of lithium ion conductor Li1.5Al0.5Ge1.5(PO4)3

Lithium storage capability of lithium ion conductor Li1.5Al0.5Ge1.5(PO4)3

Catalytic Role of Ge in Highly Reversible GeO₂/Ge/C Nanocomposite Anode Material for Lithium Batteries

Anodes for Li-Ion Batteries

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Electrochemical Reaction Between Lithium and β-Quartz GeO[sub 2]

Cited by 75 publications

References 19 publications

Lithium storage capability of lithium ion conductor Li1.5Al0.5Ge1.5(PO4)3

Lithium storage capability of lithium ion conductor Li1.5Al0.5Ge1.5(PO4)3

Catalytic Role of Ge in Highly Reversible GeO2/Ge/C Nanocomposite Anode Material for Lithium Batteries

Anodes for Li-Ion Batteries

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Product

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Catalytic Role of Ge in Highly Reversible GeO₂/Ge/C Nanocomposite Anode Material for Lithium Batteries