Electrochemical properties of conducting polymers

Scrosati, B.

doi:10.1016/0079-6786(88)90007-6

Cited by 92 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 94 publications

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“…The denatured protein is unable to remain crystalline and redissolves from the surface. This hypothesis is consistent with the data of Kumar et al, [7] who demonstrated that appropriately designed pyrene derivatives can be used as photochemical ªscissorsº to split lysozyme molecules into well-defined fragments. They reported that the photochemical interaction between the pyrenes, cobalt(III) hexamine, and lysozyme led to photocleavage at the boundary of the tryptophan-108 amino acid residue.…”

supporting

confidence: 92%

Photochemical Micromachining of Lysozyme Crystals

Velev¹,

Kaler

Lenhoff

1999

Adv. Mater.

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What this work demonstrates is that it is possible to supply power to devices fabricated on silicon that are moved out of the plane of the wafer using polymer actuators. (Of course, this technology is not limited to silicon, but can be used with glass, quartz, or other substrates.) The possible applications are exciting, because so many different kinds of electronic, optical, and micromechanical devices can be produced on silicon. One can envision moving light-emitting diodes or semiconductor lasers, for example, or a comb-drive microgripper being moved into position to grasp a small object.A particular application we are pursuing is a chip for the study of living cells or single-celled organisms. A cavity etched in silicon with a sealable lid could be used to capture a cell, and both the cavity floor and the lid could carry devices for measuring a property of interest. For example, there could be electrodes on them so that the resistance could be measured or a potential applied. Alternatively, a light source on the lid could be coupled with a light detector on the floor for optical measurements. Chemical sensors could monitor the response of the cell. A wafer could be covered with thousands of these devices so that information could be gathered from a great many cells. The devices presented in this paper are one step on the way to such goals. The 3000 thick Al layer was sputtered in an Ar flow of 20 L/min at a pressure of 2 mtorr using a voltage of 380 V (a current of 360 mA) for 20±25 min. The RIE parameters were: 10 sccm/min CHF 3 , 100 sccm/min SF 6 , and 10 sccm/min O 2 at 250 W and 150 mtorr. [32] The following conditions were used: 293 sccm/min He, 968 sccm/min N 2 O, and 57 sccm/min SiH 4 at 21 W and 900 mtorr; substrate heated to 350 C; 40 min. [33] A 30 thick adhesion layer of Cr followed by a 1000 layer of Au; pressure <10 ±6 torr, 4±5 /s deposition rate for Au.

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supporting

confidence: 92%

Photochemical Micromachining of Lysozyme Crystals

Velev¹,

Kaler

Lenhoff

1999

Adv. Mater.

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“…The potentiostatic doping of a polymer is a time-dependent process that requires less than half a second under our experimental conditions, if the current density is considered as the unique parameter for the establish- In fact, temporal analysis of parameters such as mass [56,57] or in-situ conductivity [58] should be also taken into account for the establishment of the equilibrium in these intercalation materials. [3] The ECL is defined as anodic (cathodic) if light is produced during the second pulse of the potential sequence E cat to E an (E an to E cat ). The ECL produced by a conducting polymer through a succession of two potentiostatic experiments clearly has a transient character that reflects the kinetics of the potential variations inside the polymer in passing from an oxidized state to a reduced state, or vice versa.…”

Section: Effect Of Pulse Sequence On Eclmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1,2] These reactions represent ªdopingº processes that involve the electrochemical oxidation or reduction of the polymer in the thinfilm configuration. [3] In order to maintain electroneutrality within the polymeric film, the simultaneous intercalation of ions from the electrolyte must occur. [4,5] The effects associated with the reversible formation of such polymer±ion complexes are manyfold and can be exploited for several advanced applications such as rechargeable batteries, [6] electrochromic devices, [7] organic transistors, [8] electromechanical actuators, [9] protecting coatings, [10] and, more recently, light-emitting electrochemical cells (LECs).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anodic and Cathodic Electrochemically Generated Chemiluminescence in Conjugated Polymers

Dini¹,

Martin

Holmes

2002

Adv. Funct. Mater.

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In the present contribution, we show that long‐lived electrochemically generated chemiluminescence (ECL) from conjugated polymers can be achieved in both anodic and cathodic polarizations of poly[2‐(2′‐ethylethoxy)‐5‐methoxy‐1,4‐phenylene vinylene] (MEH–PPV), when the appropriate electrochemical conditions are adopted and an adequate degree of purity for the active polymer, solvent, and supporting electrolyte is achieved. The quantum efficiency is generally higher during the anodic polarization of MEH–PPV, whereas the ECL vs. time profile depends on the nature of the supporting electrolyte. Such findings led to the conclusion that the kinetics of the doping/undoping processes in MEH–PPV represents a crucial factor in determining the emissive properties of the conjugated polymer. A comparison of the ECL emission from analogous polymeric systems, namely poly[2,5‐bis‐(triethoxymethoxy)‐1,4‐phenylene vinylene] (BTEM–PPV) and poly[2,3‐dibutoxy‐1,4‐phenylene vinylene] (DB–PPV), is also reported.

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“…The redox polymers continue to obey this behaviour at higher levels of oxidation as well. Recently, Scrosati and colleagues [113][114][115] used the model to analyse the impedance behaviour of poly(acetylene) and poly(pyrrole) films at higher frequencies (Region II). In the faradaic region of the cyclic voltammogram (Region A), the impedance of the films is very similar to that of redox polymers.…”

Section: Impedance and Redox Capacity Of Electroactive Polymer Filmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applications of Electroactive Polymers

Scrosati¹

1993

489

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Electrochemical properties of conducting polymers

Cited by 92 publications

References 94 publications

Photochemical Micromachining of Lysozyme Crystals

Photochemical Micromachining of Lysozyme Crystals

Anodic and Cathodic Electrochemically Generated Chemiluminescence in Conjugated Polymers

Applications of Electroactive Polymers

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