Electrochemical Promotion by Sodium of the Rhodium-Catalyzed Reduction of NO by Propene:  Kinetics and Spectroscopy

Williams, Federico J.; Palermo, Alejandra; Tikhov, and Mintcho S.; Lambert, Richard M.

doi:10.1021/jp003269d

Cited by 22 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Indeed, the progress made in the development and understanding of the phenomenon of electrochemical promotion over the years could not be conceived without the in situ spectroscopy studies performed by the group of professor Lambert and co-workers [34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45]. In all cases, the spectra were obtained immediately after exposing the appropriately polarized catalyst film (either unpromoted or electrochemically promoted) to conditions of temperature and reactant partial pressures similar to those encountered in the electrochemical promotion reactor, in order to simulate the different surface conditions of interest.…”

Section: In Situ Characterization Of Alkali-promoted Catalyst Surfacesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Surface Analysis Techniques for the Investigation of the Phenomenon of Electrochemical Promotion of Catalysis with Alkaline Ionic Conductors

González‐Cobos

Lucas-Consuegra

2016

Catalysts

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Electrochemical Promotion of Catalysis (EPOC) with alkali ionic conductors has been widely studied in literature due to its operational advantages vs. alkali classical promotion. This phenomenon allows to electrochemically control the alkali promoter coverage on a catalyst surface in the course of the catalytic reaction. Along the study of this phenomenon, a large variety of in situ and ex situ surface analysis techniques have been used to investigate the origin and mechanism of this kind of promotion.In this review, we analyze the most important contributions made on this field which have clearly evidenced the presence of adsorbed alkali surface species on the catalyst films deposited on alkaline solid electrolyte materials during EPOC experiments. Hence, the use of different surface analysis techniques such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning photoelectron microscopy (SPEM), or scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), led to a better understanding of the alkali promoting effect, and served to confirm the theory of electrochemical promotion on this kind of catalytic systems. Given the functional similarities between alkali electrochemical and chemical promotion, this review aims to bring closer this phenomenon to the catalysis scientific community.

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Section: In Situ Characterization Of Alkali-promoted Catalyst Surfacesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Surface Analysis Techniques for the Investigation of the Phenomenon of Electrochemical Promotion of Catalysis with Alkaline Ionic Conductors

González‐Cobos

Lucas-Consuegra

2016

Catalysts

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“…The classic example of this EPP case is an electrochemical production of sodium from the Na + ions in ␤Љ-Al 2 O 3 catalyst support. [19][20][21] Electrochemically produced oxygen 12 and hydrogen 5,6 can also be considered as promoters. In the studies of an electrochemical promotion of the catalytic NO reduction by propene at 375°C, Na was pumped to the surface of the catalyst using electrochemical reduction of Na + ions from Na ␤Љ-alumina support.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the studies of an electrochemical promotion of the catalytic NO reduction by propene at 375°C, Na was pumped to the surface of the catalyst using electrochemical reduction of Na + ions from Na ␤Љ-alumina support. [19][20][21] This supply of Na was seen to greatly enhance ͑2-3 times for N 2 production͒ the reduction of NO on the Pt ͑or Rh͒ catalyst. Simultaneously, the selectivity of production of N 2 against N 2 O was seen to increase.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Catalytic Reduction of NO by Methane Using a Pt∕C∕polybenzimidazole∕Pt∕C Fuel Cell

Petrushina¹,

Cleemann²,

Refshauge³

et al. 2007

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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The catalytic NO reduction by methane was studied using a (normalNnormalO,normalCH4,normalAr),Pt∣polybenzimidazole(PBI)–H3normalPO4∣Pt,(H2,normalAr) fuel cell at 135 and 165°C . It has been found that, without any reducing agent (like CnormalH4 ), NO can be electrochemically reduced in the (NO, Ar), Pt∕C∣PBI–H3normalPO4∣Pt∕C , (normalH2,Ar) fuel cell with participation of H+ or electrochemically produced hydrogen. When added, methane partially suppresses the electrochemical reduction of NO. Methane outlet concentration monitoring has shown the CnormalH4 participation in the chemical catalytic reduction, i.e., methane co-adsorption with NO inhibited the electrochemical NO reduction and introduced a dominant chemical path of the NO reduction. The products of the NO reduction with methane were N2 , normalC2normalH4 , and water. The catalytic NO reduction by methane was promoted when the catalyst was negatively polarized (−0.2V) . Repeated negative polarization of the catalyst increased the NO conversion. Maximum NO conversion was 48%. This effect was explained as a result of the reaction of the electrochemically produced hydrogen.

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“…[11][12][13][14] This supply of Na greatly enhanced the reduction of NO on Pt, Pd, Rh, and several other catalytic materials with a reaction rate enhancement as high as two orders of magnitude. Simultaneously the selectivity of production of N 2 against N 2 O increased.…”

Section: ⌬⌽ ϭ ⌬ ϩ ⌬ ͓5͔mentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Promotion of NO Reduction by Hydrogen on a Platinum/Polybenzimidazole Catalyst

Petrushina¹,

Bandur²,

Cappeln³

et al. 2003

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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The electrochemical promotion of catalytic NO reduction by hydrogen was studied using a (NO, H2, Ar), Pt polybenzimidazole false(PBIfalse)H3PO4|normalPt, false(H2, Ar) fuel cell at 135°C. A mixture of NO/H2/normalAr was used as the working mixture at one electrode and a mixture of H2/normalAr was used as reference and counter gas at the other electrode. Products of NO reduction false(N2 and H2Ofalse) were analyzed by an on-line mass spectrometer. At high NO+H2+normalAr flow rate (17 mL/min; 17 and 354 mL/min, respectively, at atmospheric pressure) the maximum rate enhancement ratio was 4.65. At low NO+H2+normalAr flow rate (17 mL/min; 17 and 140 mL/min, respectively), NO reduction increased 20 times even without polarization compared to the high gas flow rate. The electrochemical promotion effect occurs at positive polarization with a maximum increase at approximately 0.08 V and with 1.5 times the zero polarization value. The promotion at the negative polarization can be attributed to the electrochemical production of the promoters. At low gas flow rates, a charge-induced change of the strength of chemisorptive bonds can take place. © 2003 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.

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Electrochemical Promotion by Sodium of the Rhodium-Catalyzed Reduction of NO by Propene: Kinetics and Spectroscopy

Cited by 22 publications

References 26 publications

A Review of Surface Analysis Techniques for the Investigation of the Phenomenon of Electrochemical Promotion of Catalysis with Alkaline Ionic Conductors

A Review of Surface Analysis Techniques for the Investigation of the Phenomenon of Electrochemical Promotion of Catalysis with Alkaline Ionic Conductors

Catalytic Reduction of NO by Methane Using a Pt∕C∕polybenzimidazole∕Pt∕C Fuel Cell

Electrochemical Promotion of NO Reduction by Hydrogen on a Platinum/Polybenzimidazole Catalyst

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