Electrochemical preparation of polyaniline–ionic liquid based solid phase microextraction fiber and its application in the determination of benzene derivatives

Zhao, Faqiong; Wang, Meili; Ma, Yuyu; Zeng, Baizhao

doi:10.1016/j.chroma.2010.12.017

Cited by 45 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Thus, the combination of PILs with MOFs supported onto stainless steel [25], with polyaniline (PANI) supported onto stainless steel [26] or platinum [27], with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) supported onto stainless steel [28] or onto fused silica [29], or with other polymers prepared via sol-gel processes and supported onto fused silica [30] has been described.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Automated direct-immersion solid-phase microextraction using crosslinked polymeric ionic liquid sorbent coatings for the determination of water pollutants by gas chromatography

et al. 2015

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Four different crosslinked polymeric ionic liquid (PIL)-based sorbent coatings were evaluated in an automated direct-immersion solid-phase microextraction method (automated DI-SPME) in combination with gas chromatography (GC). The crosslinked PIL coatings were based on vinyl-alkylimidazolium- (ViCnIm-) or vinylbenzyl-alkylimidazolium- (ViBzCnIm-) IL monomers, and di-(vinylimidazolium)dodecane ((ViIm)2C12-) or di-(vinylbenzylimidazolium)dodecane ((ViBzIm)2C12-) dicationic IL crosslinkers. In addition, a PIL-based hybrid coating containing multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) was also studied. The studied PIL coatings were covalently attached to derivatized nitinol wires and mounted onto the Supelco assembly to ensure automation when acting as SPME coatings. Their behavior was evaluated in the determination of a group of water pollutants, after proper optimization. A comparison was carried out with three common commercial SPME fibers. It was observed that those PILs containing a benzyl group in their structures, either in the IL monomer and crosslinker (PIL-1-1) or only in the crosslinker (PIL-0-1), were the most efficient sorbents for the selected analytes. The validation of the overall automated DI-SPME-GC-flame ionization detector (FID) method gave limits of detection down to 135 μg · L(-1) for p-cresol when using the PIL-1-1 and down to 270 μg · L(-1) when using the PIL-0-1; despite their coating thickness: ~2 and ~5 μm, respectively. Average relative recoveries with waters were of 85 ± 14 % and 87 ± 15 % for PIL-1-1 and PIL-0-1, respectively. Precision values as relative standard deviation were always lower than 4.9 and 7.6 % (spiked level between 10 and 750 μg · L(-1), as intra-day precision). Graphical Abstract Automated DI-SPME-GC-FID using crosslinked-PILs sorbent coatings for the determination of waterpollutants.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Automated direct-immersion solid-phase microextraction using crosslinked polymeric ionic liquid sorbent coatings for the determination of water pollutants by gas chromatography

et al. 2015

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“…In other works, reusable IL-based SPME fibers were also prepared by chemically bonding allyl-ILs to sol-gel substrates [45][46][47][48][49], or using 3-triethoxysilylpropyl-ILs as solgel precursors [49,50]. Electrodeposition of aniline at the presence of ILs in aniline solution could prepare fibrous nanostructured polyaniline-IL composites, which were also stable for repeated uses [51,52]. Abolghasemi et al [53] prepared IL-based periodic mesoporous organosilica (PMO-IL) and glued PMO-IL on a SSW to prepare a SPME fiber.…”

Section: Ils and Pilsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…It is notable that Olszowy et al [196] have used several different poly(3-alkylthiophene)-coated SPME fibers to extract linezolid, which showed that the functional groups on the monomeric units could affect the EEs. In addition, PANI and PPY were often used as binder to immobilize other extractive materials on metal wires for the preparation of SPME fibers, as discussed in the sections above [51,52,80,81].…”

Section: Conductive Polymers and Modified Silicamentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Novel Solid-Phase Microextraction Fibers

Xu¹,

Ouyang²

2016

Solid Phase Microextraction

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The basic principles for the preparation of SPME fibers with satisfying selectivity, sensitivity, loading capacities and stabilities are summarized here in terms of the physicochemical properties of the coating materials and the supporting substrates of SPME fibers. While the main part of this chapter focuses on the advances in developing the most widely used coating materials, including ionic liquids, polymeric ionic liquids, carbonaceous materials, molecularly imprinted polymers, metal-organic frameworks, metals and metal oxides, conductive polymers, modified silica, as well as their composites, into SPME fibers. Meanwhile, the applications of novel SPME fibers in analyzing diverse analytes in different sample matrices are briefly reviewed, including the emerging applications of SPME in the extraction of bioactive compounds in living animals and plants.Keywords SPME fiber coating Á Ionic liquid Á Polymeric ionic liquid Á Graphene Á Carbon nanotube Á Molecularly imprinted polymer Á Metal-organic framework Á Metal and metal oxide Á Conductive polymer Á Modified silica IntroductionThe outstanding features of solid-phase microextraction (SPME), including rapid and simple operating procedures, slight disturbance to investigated systems, reduced consumption of solvents, and feasibility of automation, continuously inspire new explorations of SPME in various frontiers, such as metabolome detection [1], central nervous systems studies [2], pharmacokinetic studies [3], environmental analysis [4], and food analysis [5]. On the other hand, the diversity of the physicochemical properties of the target analytes and the complicity of the sample matrices require the development of new SPME devices to nourish the new

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“…Polyaniline (PANI) and their derivatives [8][9][10][11][12][13] are one of the most commonly used conducting polymers as SPME coating; however, their application has been limited by poor thermal stability, i.e., 220°C for common PANI [14]. Some efforts were taken to overcome this problem.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Self-Assembled Monolayers in the Preparation of Solid-Phase Microextraction Coatings

et al. 2011

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Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of polyaminithiophenol (PATP) were used as a covalent bonded coating for solid-phase microextraction (SPME). Thiolated aniline-analog monomers (mixture of 2-and 3-aminothiophenols, 2/3-ATP) were anchored on the gold surface and then electropolymerized. Due to the strong S-Au bond, thiol-terminated coating on the gold surface was very stable. The proposed covalent bonded coating showed higher mechanical (re-usability up to 100 times) and thermal stability (up to 320°C) than non-covalent bonded polyaniline coating (re-usability up to 20 times and thermal stability up to 250°C). The extraction capability of the proposed fiber for the extraction of five polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), including phenanthrene, anthracene, pyrene, 9,10-dimethylanthracene and benzo[a]anthracene was examined. The effects of different parameters influencing the extraction efficiency of analytes including extraction temperature, extraction time, ionic strength, stirring rate and sample volume were examined and optimized. Linear ranges of 1-250 lg L -1 for phenanthrene and anthracene, and 1-100 lg L -1 for the other compounds were obtained. Detection limits were in the range of 0.1-0.32 lg L -1 . Single fiber repeatability and fiber to fiber reproducibility were less than 8.9 and 15.8%, respectively. Seawater sample was analyzed as real sample and good recoveries (81-108%) were obtained for target analytes.

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Electrochemical preparation of polyaniline–ionic liquid based solid phase microextraction fiber and its application in the determination of benzene derivatives

Cited by 45 publications

References 25 publications

Automated direct-immersion solid-phase microextraction using crosslinked polymeric ionic liquid sorbent coatings for the determination of water pollutants by gas chromatography

Automated direct-immersion solid-phase microextraction using crosslinked polymeric ionic liquid sorbent coatings for the determination of water pollutants by gas chromatography

Development of Novel Solid-Phase Microextraction Fibers

Application of Self-Assembled Monolayers in the Preparation of Solid-Phase Microextraction Coatings

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