Electrochemical Polymerization of Fluoranthene and Characterization of Its Polymers

Abstract

A novel inherently conducting polymer, high-quality polyfluoranthene (PFA) film with electrical conductivity of 10(-2) S cm(-1), was first synthesized electrochemically by direct anodic oxidation of fluoranthene in a middle strong Lewis acid-boron trifluoride diethyl etherate. The oxidation potential onset of fluoranthene in this medium was measured to be only 1.07 V vs SCE, which was much lower than that in acetonitrile + 0.1 mol L(-1) tetrabutylammonium tetrafluoroborate (1.68 V vs SCE). This PFA film showed good redox activity and stability even in concentrated sulfuric acid. Moreover, the fluorescence properties of PFA were greatly improved in comparison with those of the monomer. Dedoped PFA films were partly soluble in polar solvents such as CH(2)Cl(2), acetone, tetrahedrofuran, and dimethyl sulfoxide. The structure and morphology of the polymer were investigated by UV-vis spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy, respectively. The results of quantum chemistry calculations of fluoranthene monomer and (1)H NMR spectroscopy of dedoped PFA films indicated that the polymerization mainly occurred at C((3)), C((4)), C((13)), and C((14)) positions.

Simple Efficient Synthesis of Strongly Luminescent Polypyrene with Intrinsic Conductivity and High Carbon Yield by Chemical Oxidative Polymerization of Pyrene

“…This may imply an ordered graph-A C H T U N G T R E N N U N G itization of the residual char. In particular, the char yields of 73.5 % at 1000 8C and 70.6 % at 1300 8C are much higher than those of some carbon precursors like polyfluoranthene (24 % at 855 8C), [30] viscose rayon (28.5 % at 950 8C), [31] polyacrylonitrile (50 % at 900 8C), [32] polyphenanthrene (65 % at 907 8C), [29] poly (9,10-anthracenediylidene) (70 % at 900 8C), [33] and modified pitch (72 % at 1000 8C), [34] and are even very close to that of typically high char-yield mesophase pitch (75 % at 1000 8C). [34] Moreover, the char formed at 1000 8C consists of fine carbon microparticles with an average particle size of 118 mm (Figure 10 c), a size-polydispersity index of 1.08, and high conductivity of 2.1 S cm…”

The synthesis of new donor–acceptor polymers containing the 2,3-di(2-furyl) quinoxaline moiety: Fast-switching, low-band-gap, p- and n-dopable, neutral green-colored materials

“…In their neutral state, both PFETQ and PFMTQ showed maximum absorption at approximately 790 nm in the visible region due to the p-p* transition, while the maximum absorption wavelength of PFTQ was located at 595 nm. Additionally, because the conjugation length was increased, all of the dominant wavelengths were shifted to the longer wavelength region for polymers PFETQ, PFMTQ and PFTQ compared to their respective monomers, which verifies that the longer the wavelength of maximum absorption is, the higher the conjugation length in the polymer will be [19]. A regular alternation of conjugated donor and acceptor moieties along the polymer backbone increases the double-bond character and establishes an intramolecular charge transfer, allowing absorption of low-energy photons [20][21][22].…”

Ionic liquid microemulsions: A new medium for electropolymerization

“…3 represents successive cyclic voltammograms (CVs) of EDOT in IL/W and B.C. Such CVs are typical for the electrosyntheses of CPs [17]. Redox wave currents increased with increasing the potential scanning cycle, indicating that the amount of the polymer deposited on the electrode increased.…”