Electrochemical Performance of Structure‐Dependent LiNi_1/3Co_1/3Mn_1/3O₂ in Aqueous Rechargeable Lithium‐Ion Batteries

Abstract

This work is focused on the relationship between electrochemical performance and morphology of LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 (NCM) in an aqueous rechargeable lithium battery, and provides a reference for the selection of novel battery materials. In this work, NCM microrods, microspheres, and nanoblocks were successfully synthesized by solvothermal, coprecipitation, and sol–gel methods, respectively. Of the three samples, NCM nanoblocks, which are formed by agglomeration of a large number of nanoparticles, show the best electrochemical performance. During cycling, the NCM nanoblock exhibits an initial discharge capacity of 137.4 mAh g−1 and an impressive capacity of 130.8 mAh g−1 after 20 cycles at a current density of 1C (=160 mA g−1). Even at a high current density of 50C, this NCM nanoblock provides a capacity of 50.1 mAh g−1, which shows the great potential of the nanoblock as a cathode in aqueous rechargeable lithium‐ion batteries.

Progress in Rechargeable Aqueous Alkali-Ion Batteries in China

“…Table 1 shows us the corresponding results. LiM 2 O 4 , 86,89 LiCoO 2 , 93,104 LiFePO 4 , 58,97 NMC(111), 82,83 and LiMnPO 4 84 could be worked both in dilute electrolytes with or without pH regulation and concentrated electrolytes, except for Li 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 , 57,149 indicating that V-based cathode materials are more likely to dissolve into the aqueous electrolyte, which is consistent with our previous report. 38 For the anode materials, some of them [LiTi 2 (PO 4 ) 3 , 111,149 TiP 2 O 7 , 115,117 LiV 3 O 8 , 114,150 NaTi 2 (PO 4 ) 3 , 104,103 V 2 O 5 , 98,151 and VO 2 152,153 ] can work in the whole concentration range.…”

“…Many electrode materials having redox potentials around or outside the dashed line can also function properly (dot-dash line) as a result of the dynamic overpotential or the passivation layer formed on their surface that could prevent water decomposition and finally result in a widened EW (as indicated by the arrow). The most commonly used cathode materials for ALIBs are oxides [LiMn 2 O 4 , LiCoO 2 , and LiNi 1/3 Co 1/3 Mn 1/3 O 2 (NCM111) , ] and polyanionic compounds [LiFePO 4 , LiMnPO 4 , and Li 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 , ] (Figure a); LiMn 2 O 4 accounts for the largest proportion (62 %), ,− and LiCoO 2 − and LiFePO 4 ,, occupy proportions of 8 % and 7 %, respectively (Figure b) (more detailed information is in Table S1 of the Supporting Information). In comparison, more types of anode candidates have been developed, including oxides (LiV 3 O 8 , V 2 O 5 , VO 2 , TiO 2 , Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 , , and NaV 6 O 15 ), polyanionic compounds (TiP 2 O 7 , LiTi 2 (PO 4 ) 3 , and NaTi 2 (PO 4 ) 3 , ), Mo 6 S 8 , and organic compounds [poly-1,4,5,8-naphthalenetetracarboxylic dianhydride (PNTCDA), , polypyrrole (PPy), polyaniline (PANI), and polyimide (PI)] (more detailed information is in Table S2 of the Supporting Information).…”

Symmetric Sodium-Ion Battery Based on Dual-Electron Reactions of NASICON-Structured Na3MnTi(PO4)3 Material

“…into usable energy forms is critical due to the clean and pollution-free characteristics. − In addition to energy conversion, storage is another challenge. Considerable efforts have been devoted to develop energy-storage devices, such as the lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). − Nowadays, LIBs are the most popular technology for energy storage, which are commercialized widely in various portable electronic devices, electric vehicles, etc. − However, LIBs have the drawback of high cost due to scarce availability of lithium resources. Therefore, sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) will be an emerging candidate to replace LIBs owing to the availability of sufficient raw material, safety, and low cost. − Recently, NASICON (Na superionic conductor)-structured materials are a hot research topic owing to the stable host structure, plenty of sodium-insertion interstices, and fast Na + -ion diffusion.…”

A hybrid composite of H2V3O8 and graphene for aqueous lithium-ion batteries with enhanced electrochemical performance

“…4,5 However, the future of traditional LIBs for large-scale storage has been questionable recently. 6,7 Environmental pollution is a serious problem for LIBs due to the use of organic electrolytes. 8,9 Moreover, the harsh equipment process and equipment conditions, as well as the uneven distribution of lithium elements, will lead to the higher and higher cost of LIBs in the long run.…”