Electrochemical performance of activated carbon fiber with hydrogen bond-induced high sulfur/nitrogen doping

Ruan, Chaohui; Xie, Yibing

doi:10.1039/d0ra06724e

Cited by 25 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…As can be seen from the Fig. S1, the initial weight loss of 23% up to 100 °C is ascribed to loss of water molecules 61 , 62 . From 100 to 170 °C range, a dehydration step can be attributed to the displacement of hydrochloric acid from the lattice as well as continued removal of co-ordinatedly bound water molecules which is in agreement with previous finding 63 , 64 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…In the case of ACF, it can be seen that, between 100 and 280 °C, there was a loss of 6.7% of the initial mass with the elimination of moisture from the sample 61 , 62 . Due to slow thermal decomposition of the organic carbon structure, the second stage of TGA shows around 8% weight loss in the temperature range of 280 to 600 °C 61 . The residual weight at 800 °C for ACF is 70%, and this reflects the higher thermal stability of ACF.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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In-situ detoxification of schedule-I chemical warfare agents utilizing Zr(OH)4@W-ACF functional material for the development of next generation NBC protective gears

Imran

Singh

Garg

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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Chemical warfare agents (CWAs) have become a pivotal concern for the global community and spurred a wide spectrum of research for the development of new generation protective materials. Herein, a highly effective self-detoxifying filter consisting of in-situ immobilized Zirconium hydroxide [Zr(OH)4] over woven activated carbon fabric [Zr(OH)4@W-ACF] is presented for the removal of CWAs. It was prepared to harness the synergistic effect of high surface area of W-ACF, leads to high dispersion of CWAs and high phosphilicity and reactivity of [Zr(OH)4]. The synthesized materials were characterized by ATR-FTIR, EDX, SEM, TEM, XPS, TGA, and BET surface area analyzer. The kinetics of in-situ degradation of CWAs over Zr(OH)4@W-ACF were studied and found to be following the first-order reaction kinetics. The rate constant was found to be 0.244 min−1 and 2.31 × 10−2 min−1 for sarin and soman, respectively over Zr(OH)4@W-ACF. The potential practical applicability of this work was established by fabricating Zr(OH)4@W-ACF as reactive adsorbent layer for protective suit, and found to be meeting the specified criteria in terms of air permeability, tearing strength and nerve agent permeation as per TOP-08-2-501A:2013 and IS-17380:2020. The degradation products of CWAs were analyzed with NMR and GC–MS. The combined properties of dual functional textile with reactive material are expected to open up new exciting avenues in the field of CWAs protective clothing and thus find diverse application in defence and environmental sector.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In-situ detoxification of schedule-I chemical warfare agents utilizing Zr(OH)4@W-ACF functional material for the development of next generation NBC protective gears

Imran

Singh

Garg

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…6,7 Surface modification would be an efficient strategy to improve the electrochemical properties of CF. 8–11 Pseudocapacitive materials such as metal oxides and conductive polymers are well introduced into CF. 12–16 Electroactive materials are capable of rapid reversible redox reactions occurring on the CF surface, which could well enhance the capacitive performance of CF composite electrode.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and electrochemical performance of an electroactive nitrogen-doping SnO₂nanoarray supported on carbon fiber

Xie

2021

Journal of Chemical Research

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An electroactive nitrogen-doping tin dioxide nanorod array (N-SnO2 NRA) is designed as an effective energy-storage electrode material for supercapacitor applications. N-SnO2 supported on a carbon fiber substrate is prepared using SnCl4 as a precursor through hydrolysis, hydrothermal growth, and an NH3-nitriding process. Electroactive N-SnO2 is formed by an N-doping reaction between Sn(OH)4 and NH3, revealing a high nitrogen-doping level of 12.5% in N-SnO2. N-SnO2/carbon fiber reveals a lower ohmic resistance and charge transfer resistance than SnO2/carbon fiber, which is consistent with its higher current response and lower voltage drop in electrochemical measurements. N-SnO2 NRA has an independent nanoarray structure and a small side length of a quadrangular nanorod, contributing to a more accessible interspace, reactive sites, and feasible electrolyte ion diffusion. The N-SnO2/carbon fiber NRA electrode shows higher specific capacitance (105.4 F g−1 at 0.5 A g−1) and rate capacitance retention (45.0% from 0.5 to 5 A g−1) than a SnO2/carbon fiber NRA electrode (58.6 F g−1, 38.4%). Significantly, the cycling capacitance retention after 2000 cycles increases from 78.1% of SnO2/carbon fiber to 98.8% of N-SnO2/carbon fiber, presenting a superior electrochemical cycling stability. The N-SnO2 supercapacitor maintains stable power working at an output voltage of 1.6 V. The specific capacitance decreases from 75.2 to 55.1 F g−1 when the current density increases from 1 to 10 A g−1. The corresponding energy density decreases from 24.23 to 9.81 Wh kg−1, presenting a reasonable rate capability. So, the prepared N-SnO2 nanorod array demonstrates superior capacitance performance for energy-storage applications.

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“…The photoelectrochemical performance of these active materials is highly related to their inherent properties and microstructures as well 7 . Highly ordered nanostructure usually provides high surface area and effective charge transfer route 8,9 . Anatase TiO 2 is a traditional n‐type semiconductor material with a reasonable band gap of 3.2 eV, which is regarded as an active and stable photocatalyst 10 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photoelectrochemical performance of tubewall‐separated titanium dioxide nanotube array photoelectrode

Xie

2021

Asia-Pacific J Chem Eng

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Titanium dioxide nanotube array (TiO2 NTA) grown on titanium substrate has been fabricated as active photoelectrode for organic compound degradation. TiO2 NTA shows the tubewall‐separated nanotube arrangement and anatase crystal structure. Transient photocurrent of 1.86 mA and open‐circuit photovoltage of 0.26 V are determined to keep stable level under ultraviolet (UV) light irradiation, indicating its high photoelectrochemical activity. The cathodic polarization process causes more feasible electron transfer than the equilibrium process and anodic polarization process, which is consistent with the declining current response at an increasing positive potential. The photocatalytic activity of TiO2 NTA is fully evaluated through UV light‐induced photocatalysis and photoelectrocatalysis degradation of organic dye X‐3B as a reactant pollutant. The pseudo‐first‐order reaction rate constant is enhanced from 0.00346 min−1 for photocatalysis to 0.00521 min−1 for photoelectrocatalysis using Langmuir–Hinshelwood kinetic model of heterogeneous catalysis. The tubewall‐separated nanotube structure could induce photoelectron directional transport and provide extra interspace for reactant organic molecule diffusion at accessible surface area. The positive potential applied on TiO2 NTA could further promote photoelectron–hole pair separation. Two strategies of photoelectron generation and photoelectron–hole separation are accordingly adopted to improve its electro‐assisted photocatalytic activity. Therefore, the tubewall‐separated TiO2 NTA could present the promising photoelectrocatalysis application.

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Electrochemical performance of activated carbon fiber with hydrogen bond-induced high sulfur/nitrogen doping

Abstract: Sulfur/nitrogen co-doped activated carbon fiber is prepared by thermal treatment of thiourea-bonded hydroxyl-rich carbon fiber, which achieves high doping level and electrochemical performance.

Cited by 25 publications

References 63 publications

In-situ detoxification of schedule-I chemical warfare agents utilizing Zr(OH)4@W-ACF functional material for the development of next generation NBC protective gears

In-situ detoxification of schedule-I chemical warfare agents utilizing Zr(OH)4@W-ACF functional material for the development of next generation NBC protective gears

Synthesis and electrochemical performance of an electroactive nitrogen-doping SnO₂nanoarray supported on carbon fiber

Photoelectrochemical performance of tubewall‐separated titanium dioxide nanotube array photoelectrode

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Electrochemical performance of activated carbon fiber with hydrogen bond-induced high sulfur/nitrogen doping

Abstract: Sulfur/nitrogen co-doped activated carbon fiber is prepared by thermal treatment of thiourea-bonded hydroxyl-rich carbon fiber, which achieves high doping level and electrochemical performance.

Cited by 25 publications

References 63 publications

In-situ detoxification of schedule-I chemical warfare agents utilizing Zr(OH)4@W-ACF functional material for the development of next generation NBC protective gears

In-situ detoxification of schedule-I chemical warfare agents utilizing Zr(OH)4@W-ACF functional material for the development of next generation NBC protective gears

Synthesis and electrochemical performance of an electroactive nitrogen-doping SnO2nanoarray supported on carbon fiber

Photoelectrochemical performance of tubewall‐separated titanium dioxide nanotube array photoelectrode

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Synthesis and electrochemical performance of an electroactive nitrogen-doping SnO₂nanoarray supported on carbon fiber