“…Several techniques are available for the removal of dyes from wastewater, for instance, adsorption (Danish et al, 2018;Jesudoss et al, 2020;Temesgen et al, 2018), membrane process (Ajibade et al, 2022;Xie et al, 2022), coagulation-flocculation (Feng et al, 2021;Mcyotto et al, 2021;Sadri Moghaddam et al, 2010;Verma et al, 2012), electrochemical separation (Hamous et al, 2021;Kumar and Gupta, 2022;Sathishkumar et al, 2019) and biological treatment (Paz et al, 2017;Rima et al, 2022;R. Wang et al, 2022).…”