Electrochemical mineralization of chlorophenol by ruthenium oxide coated titanium electrode

Chauhan, Rashi; Srivastava, Vimal Chandra; Hiwarkar, Ajay Devidas

doi:10.1016/j.jtice.2016.10.016

Cited by 49 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…HQ, during its oxidation forms various intermediates depending upon the stage of oxidation. It forms intermediates such benzoquinone during early stages of oxidation which get oxidized into acids such as maleic acid, oxalic acid, acrylic acid, succinic acid, malonic acid, acetic acid and formaic acid in the later stage of oxidation; and CO 2 and H 2 O upon full oxidation [67,68].…”

Section: Mechanisms Of Hq Adsorption and Catalytic Oxidationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of toxic hydroquinone: Comparative studies on use of iron impregnated granular activated carbon as an adsorbent and catalyst

Tyagi

Das

Srivastava

2018

Environmental Engineering Research

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In this study, iron (Fe) impregnated granular activated carbon (Fe-GAC) has been synthesized and characterized for various properties. Comparative studies have been performed for use of Fe-GAC as an adsorbent as well as a catalyst during catalytic oxidation of hydroquinone (HQ). In the batch adsorption study, effect of process parameter like initial HQ concentration (Co = 25-1,000 mg/L), pH (2-10), contact time (t: 0-24 h), temperature (T: 15-45°C) and adsorbent dose (w: 5-50 g/L) have been studied. Maximum HQ adsorption efficiency of 75% was obtained at optimum parametric condition of: pH = 4, w = 40 g/L and t = 14 h. Pseudo-second order model best-fitted the HQ adsorption kinetics whereas Langmuir model best-represented the isothermal equilibrium behavior. During oxidation studies, effect of various process parameters like initial HQ concentration (Co: 20-100 mg/L), pH (4-8), oxidant dose (CH2O2: 0.4-1.6 mL/L) and catalyst dose (m: 0.5-1.5 g/L) have been optimized using Taguchi experimental design matrix. Maximum HQ removal efficiency of 83.56% was obtained at optimum condition of Co = 100 mg/L, pH = 6, CH2O2 = 0.4 mL/L, and m = 1 g/L. Overall use of Fe-GAC during catalytic oxidation seems to be a better as compared to its use an adsorbent for treatment of HQ bearing wastewater.

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Section: Mechanisms Of Hq Adsorption and Catalytic Oxidationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of toxic hydroquinone: Comparative studies on use of iron impregnated granular activated carbon as an adsorbent and catalyst

Tyagi

Das

Srivastava

2018

Environmental Engineering Research

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“…Pseudo-first-order and n th -order (by the power-law model) were utilized in NO 3 – reduction kinetic modeling for the treatment of explosive industry wastewater by the electrochemical method. The following equations were used for the pseudo-first- and n th -order kinetic analysis ,, where C NO 3 – 0 is the concentration of NO 3 – ions (g L –1 ) at t = 0 min, C NO 3 – t is the concentration (g L –1 ) of NO 3 – ions at t (min), and k 1 and k n represent the kinetic constants for the first order (min –1 ) and the n th order ((g L –1 ) 1– n min –1 ), respectively.…”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Suitable Combination of Electrodes for Simultaneous Reduction of Nitrates and Oxidation of Ammonium Ions in an Explosive Industry Wastewater

Chauhan

Srivastava

2021

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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The electrochemical reduction of nitrate and ammonium ion oxidation has been performed with the cathode (Al) and anode (Ti/RuO 2 ) in the explosive industry wastewater polluted with a significant quantity of NO 3 − and NH 4 + . For this, the influences of various other cathode materials (Fe, Cu, and C), the current density (j = 35.71 to 142.86 A m −2 ), wastewater pH (pH = 3−12), and treatment time (t = 180 min) were analyzed for nitrate ion reduction, ammonium ion oxidation, nitrite ion generation, and total nitrogen (TN) degradation. The maximum nitrate removal and TN removal efficiencies were found to be ≈51 and ≈63% at j = 142.86 A m −2 and wastewater natural pH after 180 min treatment time, respectively. In this condition, SEC was calculated to be 74.4 kWh (kg NO 3 − reduced) −1 . The mechanistic analysis suggested that the atomic hydrogen molecules, H + , and e − help in the nitrate ion reduction and the available Cl − ion in the wastewater helps in the oxidation of the ammonium ion into gaseous nitrogen through the electrochemical process. The new and used electrodes were characterized by FE-SEM, AFM, and XRD techniques. Electrodes were also characterized within untreated and treated wastewater through CV and EIS analysis. The in situ generated oxidizing species were identified by the pnitrosodimethylaniline (RNO) bleaching test. Pseudo-first-order and n th -order kinetic models were applied, and the reaction rate was calculated to understand the reaction rate of the nitrate reduction. The approximate operational cost estimation has been performed for the lab-scale batch reactor treatment of the explosive industry wastewater. No scum or sludge was produced throughout the treatment process. This study helps to understand the parametric, mechanistic, and kinetic aspects of electrochemical nitrate reduction and oxidation of the previously present and produced ammonium ion in the explosive industry wastewater.

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“…Therefore, increasing sodium chloride concentration increases the formation of electrogenerated chlorine species (Cl2/HClO/ClO -) and the use of high current densities leads to an increase in the amount of these species, allowing alachlor degradation [43][44][45] . For this reason, the highest removal and mineralization of alachlor was achieved with 0.15 mol L -1 NaCl and current density equal to 50 mA cm -2 .…”

Section: Effect Of Electrolyte Concentration and Current Densitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical degradation of aqueous alachlor and atrazine: products identification, lipophilicity, and ecotoxicity

2019

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This work studied the electrochemical degradation of alachlor and atrazine (alone and mixed with each other) using a filter-press cell, a dimensionally stable anode (DSA Ti/Ru0.3Ti0.7O2), initial pH 3.0, and temperature at 25 °C. The best operational conditions for alachlor (0.33 mmol L-1) degradation were obtained by a 32 factorial design, in which the factors/levels were: NaCl concentration (0.05, 0.1, and 0.15 mol L-1) and current density (10, 30, and 50 mA cm-2). Thus, 93.1% alachlor removal and 71.2% mineralization were achieved using 0.15 mol L-1 NaCl and 30 mA cm-2. In addition, the initial degradation products (DPs) of alachlor and atrazine were identified by liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Acute and chronic ecotoxicities for three trophic levels (fishes, daphnids and green algae) and lipophilicity (log D, pH 7.4) of the DPs were also estimated using the ECOSAR 1.11 and ChemAxon Calculator software, respectively. The present study showed that the electrochemical degradation is an efficient method for removing the herbicides alachlor and atrazine from water and that the DPs formed have lower pollution potential than their original compounds.

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Electrochemical mineralization of chlorophenol by ruthenium oxide coated titanium electrode

Cited by 49 publications

References 50 publications

Removal of toxic hydroquinone: Comparative studies on use of iron impregnated granular activated carbon as an adsorbent and catalyst

Removal of toxic hydroquinone: Comparative studies on use of iron impregnated granular activated carbon as an adsorbent and catalyst

A Suitable Combination of Electrodes for Simultaneous Reduction of Nitrates and Oxidation of Ammonium Ions in an Explosive Industry Wastewater

Electrochemical degradation of aqueous alachlor and atrazine: products identification, lipophilicity, and ecotoxicity

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