Electrochemical measurements of the effects of inertial acoustic cavitation by means of a novel dual microelectrode

Birkin, Peter R.; Offin, Douglas G.; Leighton, Timothy G.

doi:10.1016/j.elecom.2004.09.013

Cited by 30 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…This has clear implications for the power requirements of an industrial process if surface waves activity could be scaled up to useful employment on a commercial scale [21,24]. It should also be noted that under these conditions, the absence of inertial cavitation events avoids the associated electrode erosion problems [12][13][14]. This is particularly relevant in this work in which the application of targeted bubble oscillation has been extended to electrodeposition techniques.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…However, while these high rates of mass transfer are attractive, the presence of inertial cavitation can lead to problems with erosion [12][13][14] that may interfere with the desired process. Also, it is known that driving pressure fields in excess of ~100 kPa are required to generate inertial cavitation (under continuous sound irradiation in water and normal temperature and pressure conditions [11,15]).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electrodeposition of copper in the presence of an acoustically excited gas bubble

Offin

Birkin

Leighton

2007

Electrochemistry Communications

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Copper has been electrodeposited in the presence of an acoustically excited gas bubble (Ar bubbles with radii ~1.5 mm held below a copper plate). Under the conditions employed, an acoustic pressure amplitude of 69.5 Pa is sufficient to excite multiple surface wave modes on the bubble wall. This is observed using high-speed imaging. This oscillation generates significant micromixing, which brings fresh electrolyte to the electrode surface leading to an enhanced deposition current. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) reveals radial streaming patterns in the resulting copper deposit. Experiments carried out using a lower acoustic pressure amplitude of 50.5 Pa (such that only the Faraday wave is excited) exhibit a lesser degree of streaming and mass transfer enhancement. No significant enhancement is seen if the bubble is undergoing breathing mode oscillation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrodeposition of copper in the presence of an acoustically excited gas bubble

Offin

Birkin

Leighton

2007

Electrochemistry Communications

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“…However, it would not be correct to equate the bubble activity in the cleaning bath with that which occurs in the UAS. The ultrasonic cleaning bath causes cavitation, whereby bubbles collapse under ultrasound to generate shock waves [27][28][29] and can also involute to form microjets [30,31], both of which can remove material from surfaces [32,33]. In contrast, the UAS system projects sound down a column of water [34] in order to excite surface waves [35][36][37] on the walls of microscopic bubbles on the surface to be cleaned.…”

Section: Cold Water Cleaning In An Ultrasonically Activated Strementioning

confidence: 99%

The acoustic bubble: Oceanic bubble acoustics and ultrasonic cleaning

Leighton¹

2015

Proceedings of Meetings on Acoustics

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Bubbles interact strongly with sound fields. Gas bubbles in the ocean generate sound as they are produced by breaking waves, rainfall, methane seeps, etc., and such emissions can be used to size and count the bubbles present. However after production, when the pulsations of such bubbles have damped away, they are silent unless re-excited. These, and other bubbles in the ocean that do not generally make significant passive sound emissions (such as those that appear through exsolution, and a range of biological processes including decomposition, photosynthesis, respiration and digestion) can still strongly influence applied sound fields through scattering, and changing the sound speed and absorption from that which would be expected in bubble-free water. This paper discusses how these phenomena might be associated with bubble netting by cetaceans. When driven with appropriate acoustic fields, bubbles can change their surrounding environment, and examples of this are shown through the generation of cleaning in an ultrasonically-activated stream of cold water, without additives.

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“…Clearly distinguishing between these mechanisms requires local knowledge of both mass transfer and surface erosion. This has recently been achieved through the deployment of a novel dual microelectrode into a cavitation environment [23,[26][27][28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mass transfer enhancement produced by laser induced cavitation

Birkin

Hirsimäki

Frey

et al. 2006

Electrochemistry Communications

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A microelectrode is used to measure the mass transfer perturbation and characteristics during the growth and subsequent collapse of a single bubble (which following its initial expansion, achieved a maximum radius, R m , of ~ 500-1000 µm). This mass transfer enhancement was associated with the forced convection, driven by bubble motion, as the result of a single cavitation event generated by a laser pulse beneath a 25 µm diameter Au microelectrode. Evidence for bubble growth and rebound is gained from the electrochemical and acoustic measurements. This is supported with high-speed video footage of the events generated. A threshold for the formation of large cavitation bubbles in electrolyte solutions is suggested.

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Electrochemical measurements of the effects of inertial acoustic cavitation by means of a novel dual microelectrode

Cited by 30 publications

References 12 publications

Electrodeposition of copper in the presence of an acoustically excited gas bubble

Electrodeposition of copper in the presence of an acoustically excited gas bubble

The acoustic bubble: Oceanic bubble acoustics and ultrasonic cleaning

Mass transfer enhancement produced by laser induced cavitation

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