Electrochemical intercalation of potassium into graphite in KF melt

Liu, Dongren; Yang, Zhanhong; Li, Wangxing; Qiu, Shilin; Luo, Yongsong

doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2009.09.072

Cited by 48 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 20 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Those concaves are thought to result from the exfoliation of graphite layers and particles from the electrode matrix caused by potassium intercalation. 12 Both the XRD and SEM analyses show that aluminum deposition occurs at 0.05 V, indicating that the ascription of wave A in Fig. 2 to aluminum deposition is reasonable.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Electrochemical Behavior of Graphite in KF–AlF[sub 3]-Based Melt with Low Cryolite Ratio

Liu

Yang

2010

J. Electrochem. Soc.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The electrochemical behavior of graphite in KF-AlF 3 -based melt with a cryolite ratio ͑molar ratio of KF to AlF 3 ͒ of 1.3 as well as a low oxygen content at 750°C was investigated by cyclic voltammetry, potentiostatic electrolysis, sampled-current voltammetry, and chronopotentiometry. Aluminum deposited on graphite at a potential of ca. 0.25 V ͑vs Al͒ and the electrochemical intercalation of potassium into graphite occurred at ca. Ϫ0.1 V ͑vs Al͒. The intercalation of potassium into graphite enhanced the formation of Al 4 C 3 . The deposition of aluminum on graphite was a linear diffusion-controlled process, while its reverse reaction involved kinetic limitations. Sampled-current voltammetry results indicated that the aluminum deposition on graphite was depressed in the potential region extending from about 0.1 to 0.03 V ͑vs Al͒. Chronopotentiometry results revealed that the critical cathodic current density for potassium intercalation was about 400 mA cm −2 .

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Electrochemical Behavior of Graphite in KF–AlF[sub 3]-Based Melt with Low Cryolite Ratio

Liu

Yang

2010

J. Electrochem. Soc.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It is known that the lithium and graphite react and form various intermediate compounds during the intercalation process, and finally transform into LiC6. 135,136 In a similar way, the K-graphite intercalation compounds are also formed in the process of electrochemical intercalation of K ions into graphite [137][138][139][140] . Both the ex-situ XRD and in-situ XRD results for the phase transitions in the first K-insertion confirmed that the KC36 is firstly formed ranging from 0.3 to 0.2 V, then transformed into KC24 between 0.2 to 0.1 V, and finally changed to KC8 at 0.01 V. During the K-extraction, KC8 is directly converted to KC36 compound at about 0.3 V, and subsequently replaced by the graphite with low crystallinity when then voltage is above 0.5 V. Some studies also reported the process of K ions embedded in graphite is C→KC24→KC16→KC8, 141 which is slightly different but similar.…”

Section: Graphite Carbon Materialsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Potassium-ion batteries: outlook on present and future technologies

Min

Xiao

Fang

et al. 2021

Energy Environ. Sci.

508

287

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Compared with other carbonaceous materials, graphite is environmental friendliness with low voltage platform, making it become the best candidate for anode material. K‐GICs as the important structure of potassium storage, have been extensively studied [39] . In the 1960s, researchers have achieved the intercalation of potassium vapor in graphite via physical heating [40] .…”

Section: Carbon‐based Anodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Stability of Carbon‐Based Anodes for Potassium‐Ion Batteries

Wang

Zang

et al. 2020

Batteries & Supercaps

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The commercialization of potassium‐ion batteries requires promising anodes with excellent reversible capacity and cycle stability. Graphite anodes have attracted extensive research owing to the formation of stable intercalation compounds, which also helps to focus attention on low‐cost carbon‐based anodes. However, the slow diffusion of potassium ion (K+) and structural damage of graphite caused by large size may lead to capacity decay. Herein, the modification strategies have been summarized, including microstructure regulation, heteroatom doping and building stable solid electrolyte interphase. And the opportunities and challenges faced by these improvement methods are proposed. Meanwhile, carbon‐based materials used as hosts or conductive carriers to improve the performance of other anodes are also summarized.

show abstract

Electrochemical intercalation of potassium into graphite in KF melt

Cited by 48 publications

References 20 publications

Electrochemical Behavior of Graphite in KF–AlF[sub 3]-Based Melt with Low Cryolite Ratio

Electrochemical Behavior of Graphite in KF–AlF[sub 3]-Based Melt with Low Cryolite Ratio

Potassium-ion batteries: outlook on present and future technologies

Recent Advances in Stability of Carbon‐Based Anodes for Potassium‐Ion Batteries

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About