Electrochemical insertion of alkaline ions into polyparaphenylene: effect of the crystalline structure of the host material

Dubois, Marc; Naji, A.; Billaud, D.

doi:10.1016/s0013-4686(01)00663-6

Cited by 22 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Nevertheless, the commonly‐used commercial graphite anode has been demonstrated to show a low reversible capacity in SIBs (Table S1, Supporting Information) . On the other hand, a variety of other carbon based materials (Table S1, Supporting Information), such as hard carbon, carbon black, cellulose and polyparaphenylene, petroleum coke, carbon spheres, porous carbon, carbon fibers, carbon nanotubes, and graphene, were found to facilitate the insertion/extraction of sodium ions into/from the host structures of SIBs. Recent research results indicate that the improvement of the electrochemical performance of SIBs strongly depend on the morphology and pore size of carbon materials at anodes .…”

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High‐Performance Sodium Ion Batteries Based on a 3D Anode from Nitrogen‐Doped Graphene Foams

et al. 2015

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High‐Performance Sodium Ion Batteries Based on a 3D Anode from Nitrogen‐Doped Graphene Foams

et al. 2015

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“…Unfortunately, the outstanding LIB graphite anodes previously put on the market do not have a high reversible capacity in NIB [7]. On the other hand, many other carbonaceous materials such as solid carbon [8,9], carbon fibers [10][11][12][13], carbon nanotubes [14], graphene [15], carbon black [16], cellulose [17]], polyparaphenylene [18], porous carbon [19], carbon spheres [20] and petroleum coke [21] have been found to facilitate the sodium ion incorporation / extraction process. Carbon nanomaterials, which are considered one of the most promising candidates among a limited number of anode materials for NIBs, have such advantages as electrical conductivity, heat resistance, environmental friendliness, and cost effectiveness [14].…”

Section: Synthesis Of Carbon Nanofibers Based On Humic Acid and Polyacryonitrile By Electrospinning Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although various anode material precursors have been demonstrated, further improvements are still urgently needed in terms of storage capacity, long cycle performance and speed capability. On the other hand, most electrode materials [14][15][16][17] come from expensive chemical raw materials, which are often associated with contamination. Thus, the study of environmentally friendly anode materials remains challenging.…”

Section: Synthesis Of Carbon Nanofibers Based On Humic Acid and Polyacryonitrile By Electrospinning Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of Carbon Nanofibers Based on Humic Acid and Polyacryonitrile by Electrospinning Method

Yermagambet¹,

Казанкапова²,

Nauryzbayeva³

et al. 2021

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The article describes a method for obtaining carbon nanofibers (CNFs) based on humic acid from oxidized coal of the Maikuben basin and polycarlonitrile (PAN) by electrospinning in laboratory conditions. The value of the interelectrode voltage was 20-25 kV. The elemental composition was determined and the surface morphology of the studied sample was studied, the type of modification of the carbon fiber was revealed. As a result of energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the chemical composition of the initial CNF (C-48.73%) and the diameter of carbon fibers, which ranged from 148.6 nm to 1.36 μm, were found. The processes of oxidation and carbonization of the obtained samples were also carried out. The elemental composition of carbon after oxidation and carbonization was 87.75 and 89.16%, respectively, the diameter of the fibers was 117.5 nm -1.03 microns. The results of Raman scattering of light (RS) of carbonized CNF showed the degree of graphitization - 23.97%, the ratio I (D) / I (G) = 0.7, I (G) / I (D) = 1.4. The resistance of this material was 27 ohms. On the basis of SEM patterns of CNFs based on humic acid and PAN, it was found that the structure of the sample after oxidation and carbonization retains the original fibrous structure. It was also found that the diameter of nanofibers decreases from 1 μm to 117.5 nm, which may be associated with the release of volatile and heterogeneous components of the original product and the formation of a more structural thin porous filament.

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“…Graphite, the most commonly used anode in lithium ion cells, does not intercalate sodium to any appreciable extent and is electrochemically irreversible as shown from the low capacity and irreversibility of a Na/C(graphite) cell in Figure 13. Many other non‐graphitic anodes that consist largely of various carbonaceous materials have been demonstrated to insert Na, such as petroleum cokes,14–16 carbon black,17 pitch‐based carbon‐fibers,18 and polymers (poly( para ‐phenylene)) 19, 20…”

Section: Na Battery Anode Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The status of ambient temperature sodium ion batteries is reviewed in light of recent developments in anode, electrolyte and cathode materials. These devices, although early in their stage of development, are promising for large‐scale grid storage applications due to the abundance and very low cost of sodium‐containing precursors used to make the components. The engineering knowledge developed recently for highly successful Li ion batteries can be leveraged to ensure rapid progress in this area, although different electrode materials and electrolytes will be required for dual intercalation systems based on sodium. In particular, new anode materials need to be identified, since the graphite anode, commonly used in lithium systems, does not intercalate sodium to any appreciable extent. A wider array of choices is available for cathodes, including high performance layered transition metal oxides and polyanionic compounds. Recent developments in electrodes are encouraging, but a great deal of research is necessary, particularly in new electrolytes, and the understanding of the SEI films. The engineering modeling calculations of Na‐ion battery energy density indicate that 210 Wh kg−1 in gravimetric energy is possible for Na‐ion batteries compared to existing Li‐ion technology if a cathode capacity of 200 mAh g−1 and a 500 mAh g−1 anode can be discovered with an average cell potential of 3.3 V.

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Electrochemical insertion of alkaline ions into polyparaphenylene: effect of the crystalline structure of the host material

Cited by 22 publications

References 26 publications

High‐Performance Sodium Ion Batteries Based on a 3D Anode from Nitrogen‐Doped Graphene Foams

High‐Performance Sodium Ion Batteries Based on a 3D Anode from Nitrogen‐Doped Graphene Foams

Synthesis of Carbon Nanofibers Based on Humic Acid and Polyacryonitrile by Electrospinning Method

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