Electrochemical impedance studies on the interaction of midazolam with planar lipid bilayer

Kumaravel, M.; Rameshkumar, S.; Subramanian, Selvi; Ramalingam, Saipriya; Ramachandran, T.

doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2014.06.038

Cited by 11 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…This wide range of fields includes typically electrochemistry related fields as fuel cells [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12], batteries [13][14][15][16][17], coatings [18][19][20], electrochemical sensors [21][22][23][24][25][26] and supercapacitors [27][28][29][30][31]. But it also includes fields not traditionally linked to electrochemistry as enzymatic kinetics [32], biochemistry [33][34][35], food quality control [36], cancer detection [37][38] and immunology [39][40], amongst others. This electrochemical technique was first introduced in wet-electrochemistry in the late sixties of last century; and then, during the seventies, it was adopted by the solid state researchers [41].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of a Montecarlo based quantitative Kramers-Kronig test for linearity assessment of EIS measurements

Giner-Sanz

Ortega

Pérez-Herranz

2016

Electrochimica Acta

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Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) is a very powerful tool to study the behaviour of electrochemical systems. Three conditions must be fulfilled during EIS measurements: causality, linearity, and stability. If any of these conditions is not achieved, then the conclusions obtained from the analysis of the measured spectra may be biased, or even misguided. For this reason, the verification of the compliance of these conditions is critical before accepting any analysis performed on an experimental spectrum. In a previous work, an experimental spectrum quantitative validation technique based on Kramers-Kronig relations was presented. The validation method consists in a Kramers-Kronig (KK) validation test, by equivalent electrical circuit fitting, coupled with a Montecarlo error propagation method. The validation technique builds a consistency region for a given confidence level that allows to discriminate between the individual points of the EIS spectrum that are consistent with the four fundamental hypotheses, and the inconsistent ones. The aim of this work is to validate experimentally if the quantitative validation technique is able to detect nonlinearities. In order to achieve this goal, the EIS spectrum of a markedly nonlinear system was measured experimentally using different perturbation amplitudes. The validation technique was applied to each one of the measured spectra. The method successfully managed to identify large nonlinearities; but did not detect slight ones.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of a Montecarlo based quantitative Kramers-Kronig test for linearity assessment of EIS measurements

Giner-Sanz

Ortega

Pérez-Herranz

2016

Electrochimica Acta

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“…It has been applied to a wide range of different fields as fuel cells [5][6][7][8][9][10], batteries [11][12], coatings [13][14], electrochemical reaction kinetics [15], electrochemical sensors [16][17][18][19], supercapacitors [20][21][22] and dielectrics [23]. This electrochemical measurement technique has also been used in fields that are not traditionally linked to electrochemistry as enzymatic kinetics [24], cancer detection [25], biochemistry [26][27] and immunology [28][29] amongst others. The large spectrum of fields in which EIS has been applied is explained by the fact that this electrochemical method allows to deconvolve the different physic-chemical phenomena taking place in a given system [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Total harmonic distortion based method for linearity assessment in electrochemical systems in the context of EIS

Giner-Sanz

Ortega

Pérez-Herranz

2015

Electrochimica Acta

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ElsevierGiner Sanz, JJ.; Ortega Navarro, EM.; Pérez-Herranz, V. (2015). Total harmonic distortion based method for linearity assessment in electrochemical systems in the context of EIS. Electrochimica Acta. 186:598-612. doi:10.1016Acta. 186:598-612. doi:10. /j.electacta.2015 Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) is a widely used electrochemical measurement technique that has been used in a great spectrum of fields since it allows deconvolving the individual physic-chemical processes that take place in a given system. Ohm's generalized law, and thus the impedance concept, are only valid if 4 conditions are fulfilled: causality, finiteness, stationarity and linearity. In the case that any of these conditions is not achieved, the obtained impedance spectra will present distortions that may lead to biased or even erroneous results and conclusions. For this reason it is crucial to verify if the 4 conditions are fulfilled, before accepting the results extracted from impedance spectra. In this work, a linearity assessment quantitative method based in the total harmonic distortion (THD) parameter is presented and verified experimentally. The experimental validation of the implemented method showed that the implemented method is able to assess quantitatively the linearity of the system. In addition, it is also able to determine the threshold frequency above which the system will not present significant nonlinear effects even for large perturbation amplitudes. It was observed that the THD method is more sensitive to nonlinear effects than the spectra themselves.

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“…Benzodiazepines bind to specific receptors, but also interact nonspecifically with the lipid part of the membrane. Lorazepam was found to localize at the polar region of the bilayer [10,13]. The extent of interaction and localization of benzodiazepines at the lipid-water interface depends on the nature of the medium, the membrane composition and the chemical structure of the drug [11,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction of Lorazepam with Planar Bilayer Lipid Membrane and Development of Impedimetric Sensor

Sivakumar

Rameshkumar²,

Sathishkumar

et al. 2019

Asian J. Chem.

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Artificial planar bilayer phospholipid membrane was formed in KCl bath solutions and its electrical properties have been analyzed using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The stability of planar bilayer lipid membrane depends on concentration of KCl in the bath. Changes in the electrical properties of planar bilayer lipid membrane with the addition of lorazepam were also studied using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Lorazepam gets partitioned into bilayer lipid membrane and exhibited a fluidization effect. The ionic conductance across the bilayer lipid membrane increased with the addition of lorazepam to the bath. An impedimetric sensor was developed for quantification of lorazepam in solution.

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Electrochemical impedance studies on the interaction of midazolam with planar lipid bilayer

Cited by 11 publications

References 45 publications

Application of a Montecarlo based quantitative Kramers-Kronig test for linearity assessment of EIS measurements

Application of a Montecarlo based quantitative Kramers-Kronig test for linearity assessment of EIS measurements

Total harmonic distortion based method for linearity assessment in electrochemical systems in the context of EIS

Interaction of Lorazepam with Planar Bilayer Lipid Membrane and Development of Impedimetric Sensor

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