Electrochemical grafting of methyl methacrylate onto cellulose

Epstein, Joseph A.; Bar‐Nun, A.

doi:10.1002/pol.1964.110020106

Cited by 17 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 7 publications

(1 reference statement)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Modification of cellulosic fibers through graft copolymerization provides a significant root to alter the physical and chemical properties of the fibers. As natural fibers are the most abundant organic moieties in nature and are renewable resources, various workers have carried out graft copolymerization onto different cellulosic backbones, using vinyl monomers through various chemical and radiation techniques 1–10…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Induction of chemical and moisture resistance in Saccharum spontaneum L fiber through graft copolymerization with methyl methacrylate and study of morphological changes

Kaith¹,

Jindal²,

Maiti³

2009

J of Applied Polymer Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this article, morphological modification of Saccharum spontaneum L, a natural fiber through graft copolymerization with methylmethacrylate using ferrous ammonium sulfate-potassium per sulfate redox initiator has been reported. Different reaction parameters such as reaction temperature, time, initiator molar ratio, monomer concentration, pH and solvent were optimized to get maximum graft yield (144%). The graft copolymers thus formed were characterized by Fourier transform infrared, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and thermogravimetric, differential thermal analysis, and differential thermogravimetric techniques. Graft copolymer has been found to be more moisture resistant and also showed higher chemical and thermal resistance.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Induction of chemical and moisture resistance in Saccharum spontaneum L fiber through graft copolymerization with methyl methacrylate and study of morphological changes

Kaith¹,

Jindal²,

Maiti³

2009

J of Applied Polymer Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A single polarographic reduction wave was observed for 4,4'-diacetyldiphenyl ethane (I) and acetophenone (11) in SO% EtOH-1M KOAc (Table I). Both waves are close to the background discharge and, therefore, are not fully developed.…”

Section: Polarography and Coulometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrocondensation polymers: Electrochemical condensation of aromatic diacetyl compounds

Laube

Higgins

1972

J. Polym. Sci. A‐1 Polym. Chem.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Electrochemical reduction of 4,4′,‐diacetyldiphenylethane at mercury in 80% ethanol/1M potassium acetate produced the pinacols in high yield by the one‐electron/one proton reduction of the carbonyl groups. Although polarographic analysis indicated essentially complete conversion to pinacol, the low inherent viscosities of 0.03–0.06 of the polypinacols implied the presence primarily of oligomers.

show abstract

“…In this way it was possible a t ACA/PMA ratios varying from 1 to 4 to increase the content of crossed units from 7.2 to 17.6, respectively (Table V, expts. [4][5][6][7][8]. A value higher than 20% is difficult to obtain owing to the decreasing solubility of the polymeric acid; it was only possible in more dilute PMA solution (expt.…”

Section: Electrolysis Of Pma In the Presence Of E-acetaminocaproimentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical transformations of polymeric acid solutions. I. Crossed Koble synthesis

Smets¹,

Borght²,

Haeren³

1964

J. Polym. Sci. A Gen. Pap.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Poly(methacrylic acid) was electrolyzed at 20°C. in 0.2 M dry methanol solution in a glass apparatus provided with two polished platinum disk electrodes; the current density was kept constant (300, 800, or 1000 ma.). Before electrolysis the acid was partially neutralized in order to increase the electrical conductivity. The electrolysis was characterized by evolution of carbon dioxide at the anode, while the acid content of the polymer decreased. When the degree of decarboxylation was about 30%, intramolecular lactonization occurred by interaction of unsaturated groups with neighboring acid groups. The changes of chemical composition of the polymer in function of the time were followed by determination of free carboxylic acid groups, of γ‐lactones, and unsaturated groups (bromine addition). The amount of methyl ester formed by methanolysis of the lactones was calculated from methoxyl determinations. At the end of electrolysis only 5–6% free carboxylic groups were present, 35–40% lactones, 30% ester groups; the residue was mainly a hydrocarbon fraction (partially unsaturated). The electrolysis was also carried out in the presence of low molecular weight carboxylic acids, acetic, ϵ‐acetaminocarproic, and cyanoacetic acids, the ratio of the concentration of these acids to that of polymeric acid being varied over a wide range. With acetic acid the chemical composition of the polymer was only slightly affected through grafting of side methyl groups, as was shown by the use of C14 acetic acid. With ϵ‐acetaminocaproic and cyanoacetic acids the crossed Kolbe synthesis reactions are much more important, 20–24% side alkyl acetamino groups and 15% cyanomethylene groups being grafted to the main chain by this method. Chain degradation during these experiments can be practically avoided.

show abstract

Electrochemical grafting of methyl methacrylate onto cellulose

Cited by 17 publications

References 7 publications

Induction of chemical and moisture resistance in Saccharum spontaneum L fiber through graft copolymerization with methyl methacrylate and study of morphological changes

Induction of chemical and moisture resistance in Saccharum spontaneum L fiber through graft copolymerization with methyl methacrylate and study of morphological changes

Electrocondensation polymers: Electrochemical condensation of aromatic diacetyl compounds

Electrochemical transformations of polymeric acid solutions. I. Crossed Koble synthesis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About