Electrochemical genosensors as innovative tools for detection of genetically modified organisms

Key Factors of Ternary Monolayers to Improve DNA Sensors Performance

“…Hybridization is one of the most selective reactions in nature, so it has become one of the strategies of choice to unequivocally identify a specific DNA fragment. Therefore, these devices have a great impact in multiple areas of interest, from diagnostics to environmental or food safety . Genosensors are often designed to recognize the target sequence using a sandwich‐type hybridization format, which involves two probes: a capture probe (CP) and a signaling probe (SP).…”

“…Generally, the steps involved in the design of an electrochemical genosensor are: (a) transducer selection; (b) selection of the target sequence; (c) selection of a convenient probe immobilization strategy and (d) evaluation of labeling marks and detection methods . Among the electrochemical transducers, gold electrodes are advantageous because they allow the formation of self‐assembled monolayers (SAMs) of thiolated DNA probes.…”

“…Generally,t he steps involved in the design of an electrochemical genosensor are:( a) transducers election;( b) selection of the target sequence;(c) selection of aconvenient probe immobilization strategy and (d) evaluationo f labelingm arks and detection methods [ 3,6].A mongt he electrochemical transducers, gold electrodes are advantageous because they allowt he formation of self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of thiolated DNAp robes. Gold-alkanethiolc hemistry provides highly ordereda nd pinholefrees urfaces that result in an increased flexibility and stability of the sensing platform [7].T hus,S AMs represent aw idely used immobilization strategyf or thiol-thethered DNAp robes,ssDNA-HS,ingenosensor design.…”

Challenging genosensors in food samples: The case of gluten determination in highly processed samples

“…After more than a decade of development, few electrochemical genosensors have been challenged to real food samples with quantitation purposes [18]. Analyzing DNA in food samples requires a mandatory pretreatment, which typically includes extraction of DNA, amplification, usually by PCR, and a subsequent post-PCR purification step [19]. In addition to this, the usual way of expressing the result is in DNA concentration units, which is meaningless for allergic consumers, and for verifying the compliance with the legislation.…”

Potentialgestützte DNA‐Immobilisierung als Voraussetzung für eine schnelle und kontrollierte Bildung von DNA‐Monoschichten

“…[1] Der Nachweis der Hybridisierung mithilfe elektrochemischer Methoden ist dabei von steigender Bedeutung, [2] besonders da der Einsatz von elektrochemischen DNA-Hybridisierungsassays markierungsfreie Verfahren mit hoher Empfindlichkeit durch elektrochemische Verstärkungsschritte erlaubt. [1] Der Nachweis der Hybridisierung mithilfe elektrochemischer Methoden ist dabei von steigender Bedeutung, [2] besonders da der Einsatz von elektrochemischen DNA-Hybridisierungsassays markierungsfreie Verfahren mit hoher Empfindlichkeit durch elektrochemische Verstärkungsschritte erlaubt.…”