Electrochemical fabrication of anatase TiO2 nanostructure as an anode material for aqueous lithium-ion batteries

Wu, Mao‐Sung; Wang, Min-Jyle; Jow, Jiin-Jiang; Yang, Wein-Duo; Hsieh, Ching-Yuan; Tsai, Huei-Mei

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2008.09.017

Cited by 70 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…30 On the other hand, Ohzuku et al using non-aqueous cell found that lithium diffusion into anatase is easier than into rutile. 1 Consequently, anatase phase of nt-TiO 2 can be a better choice than amorphous nt-TiO 2 for aqueous lithium ion batteries.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-Organized, Anatase, Double-Walled Nanotubes Prepared by Anodization under Voltage Ramp as Negative Electrode for Aqueous Sodium-Ion Batteries

González

Alcántara

Nacimiento

et al. 2014

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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In order to prepare TiO 2 nanotubes of controlled morphology, anodization of titanium under fixed voltge or, alternatively, under variable voltage (voltage ramp) was used. Self-organized TiO 2 nanotubes with amorphous character are obtained, and after annealing at about 500 • C in air atmosphere anatase-phase nanotubes are formed. The use of aqueous electrolyte batteries may be an alternative to non-aqueous batteries. Using cyclic voltammetry, we have found that self-organized anatase nt-TiO 2 electrode in aqueous solution containing lithium (or sodium) ions exhibits reversible redox processes, particularly after optimization of the electrode properties (i.e. anodization of Ti ramp of voltage) and electrolyte. It seems that the ramp of voltage drives to double-walled nanotube and this special morphology (fractal electrode) enhances the capacity to react with sodium. The electrochemical behavior of this electrode material in aqueous sodium cell may be competitive against TiO 2 in non-aqueous microbatteries. TiO 2 is exceptionally stable, nontoxic, inexpensive and abundant. These properties contribute to make titania an excellent candidate as material for energy storage systems, such as batteries 1-4 and electrochemical capacitors, 5 and for conversion energy systems such as solar cells. 6,7 However, the use of TiO 2 as negative electrode in nonaqueous batteries may show several drawbacks, such as the relatively low gravimetric capacity, low coulombic efficiency at low voltage and poor cyclability. The formation of titania nanotubes (nt-TiO 2 ) can help to overcome these problems.The good response of nt-TiO 2 electrode in lithium batteries 4 prompts its evaluation in sodium batteries. Thus, previous results evidenced the suitability of amorphous nt-TiO 2 in sodium test cells, 8,9 and areal capacity was enhanced in high aspect ratio titania nanotubes. 9In addition, reversible capacity for nanosized anatase TiO 2 in sodium batteries has been also reported. 10,11 We very recently have reported sodium batteries using anatase nt-TiO 2 with very good electrochemical behavior: areal capacity in the order of 1.0-1.5 mAh/cm 2 , and after 600 discharge-charge cycles the gravimetric capacity is about 200 mAh/g. 12The use of aqueous electrolyte batteries may be an alternative to lithium 3,13 and sodium 14-17 ion batteries which use organic solvents, with safety, cost and environmental advantages. Thus, in a pioneering work, Li et al. reported that the aqueous lithium ion batteries compete with nickel-cadmium and lead-acid batteries on the basis of stored energy per unit of weigh. 13 The main drawbacks and limitations would be the low voltage (around 2 V for aqueous lithium ion batteries) and the electrode stability. [25][26][27] In principle, all these electrode materials should operate within a potential window that avoids or minimize the evolution of H 2 and O 2 , and consequently the feasibility of operating the aqueous lithium ion batteries would be demonstrated, 28 albeit electrochemical cells with recombination of the ...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-Organized, Anatase, Double-Walled Nanotubes Prepared by Anodization under Voltage Ramp as Negative Electrode for Aqueous Sodium-Ion Batteries

González

Alcántara

Nacimiento

et al. 2014

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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“…Figure 1b shows the initial discharge/charge curves for TiO 2 anode film, indicating a distinct discharge plateau at about 1.75 V vs. Li/Li + , which is in well agreement with the typical electrochemical characteristic of TiO 2 anode. The electrochemical reaction for TiO 2 on Li + insertion/extraction can be written as [13,14]:…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cycling effects on interfacial reliability of TiO2 anode film in thin film lithium-ion microbatteries

Zhu

Zeng

2011

J Solid State Electrochem

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This work presents a comprehensive study on the cycling effects on morphological, nanomechanical, and interfacial properties of sputtered TiO 2 anode film during discharge/charge cycling. TiO 2 film mechanically fails due to the repeated volume change and related generation/ relaxation of stress induced by electrochemical phase transformation. The induced stress intensifies the initiation/ propagation of cracks, also the interfacial delamination. Both morphology and mechanical property changes have harmful effects on the electrical contact, resulting in the battery aging. This paper also demonstrates that the experiment and analysis method is effective to characterize the interfacial reliability within thin film microbatteries.

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“…Many strategies have been attempted to improve the electrochemical properties [3, 4], such as surface coating with conductive polymer or high-quality carbon, preparation of porous active materials [7], and fabrication of nanostructured active materials (e.g., nanoflake, nanotube, nanowire, and so on.) [8–14] Among these strategies, fabricating nanostructured electrodes demonstrate unique advantages over others [11, 12]. It is generally believed that nanostructured materials play an important role in electrochemical performance because of the high-specific surface area and short diffusion path which could enhance the electrochemical behavior of the applied battery [8, 14, 15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[8–14] Among these strategies, fabricating nanostructured electrodes demonstrate unique advantages over others [11, 12]. It is generally believed that nanostructured materials play an important role in electrochemical performance because of the high-specific surface area and short diffusion path which could enhance the electrochemical behavior of the applied battery [8, 14, 15]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Properties of Rutile TiO2 Nanorod Array in Lithium Hydroxide Solution

Sun

Wang

et al. 2016

Nanoscale Res Lett

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In this paper, rutile TiO2 nanorod arrays are fabricated by a template-free method and proposed as a promising anode for aqueous Li-ion battery. The as-prepared TiO2 nanorod arrays exhibited reversible Li-ion insertion/extraction ability in aqueous LiOH electrolyte. Moreover, galvanostatic charge/discharge test results demonstrated that the reversible capacity of TiO2 nanorods could reach about 39.7 mC cm−2, and 93.8 % of initial capacity was maintained after 600 cycles at a current density of 1 mA cm−2 (=240 C rate), indicating excellent cycling stability and rate capability.

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Electrochemical fabrication of anatase TiO2 nanostructure as an anode material for aqueous lithium-ion batteries

Cited by 70 publications

References 44 publications

Self-Organized, Anatase, Double-Walled Nanotubes Prepared by Anodization under Voltage Ramp as Negative Electrode for Aqueous Sodium-Ion Batteries

Self-Organized, Anatase, Double-Walled Nanotubes Prepared by Anodization under Voltage Ramp as Negative Electrode for Aqueous Sodium-Ion Batteries

Cycling effects on interfacial reliability of TiO2 anode film in thin film lithium-ion microbatteries

Electrochemical Properties of Rutile TiO2 Nanorod Array in Lithium Hydroxide Solution

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