Electrochemical exfoliation of pencil graphite for preparation of graphene coating as a new versatile SPME fiber for determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by gas chromatography

Zakerian, Razieh; Bahar, Soleiman

doi:10.1007/s00604-019-3851-5

Cited by 19 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The surface morphologies of the bare pencil graphite electrode and the modified electrodes were characterized by SEM and TEM images, as shown in Figures 1 and S1. The unmodified electrode (Figure 1a) showed a porous structure seen elsewhere [30,31]. On the other hand, for PPy (Figure 1b), a characteristic globular morphology was obtained [14,31], and, even after the modification with AuNPs, the globular morphology was maintained, as observed in Figures 1c,e,g and Figure S1.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 78%

Interfacial Characterization of Polypyrrole/AuNP Composites towards Electrocatalysis of Ascorbic Acid Oxidation

et al. 2022

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Polypyrrole (PPy) is an interesting conducting polymer due to its good environmental stability, high conductivity, and biocompatibility. The association between PPy and metallic nanoparticles has been widely studied since it enhances electrochemical properties. In this context, gold ions are reduced to gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) directly on the polymer surface as PPy can be oxidized to an overoxidized state. This work proposes the PPy electrochemical synthesis followed by the direct reduction of gold on its surface in a fast reaction. The modified electrodes were characterized by electronic microscopic and infrared spectroscopy. The effect of reduction time on the electrochemical properties was evaluated by the electrocatalytic properties of the obtained material from the oxidation of ascorbic acid (AA) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy studies. The presence of AuNPs improved the AA electrocatalysis by reducing oxidation potential and lowering charge transfer resistance. EIS data were fitted using a transmission line model. The results indicated an increase in the electronic transport of the polymeric film in the presence of AuNPs. However, PPy overoxidation occurs when the AuNPs’ deposition is higher than 30 s. In PPy/AuNPs 15 s, smaller and less agglomerated particles were formed with fewer PPy overoxidized, confirming the observed electrocatalytic behavior.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 78%

Interfacial Characterization of Polypyrrole/AuNP Composites towards Electrocatalysis of Ascorbic Acid Oxidation

et al. 2022

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“…Except using mass spectrometer as the GC detector, there are still many works employing other traditional detectors to detect PAHs. Razieh Zakerian and Soleiman Bahar [ 56 ] prepared a graphene coating through electrochemical exfoliation of pencil graphite and then used it as a fiber coating for headspace solid-phase micro-extraction of PAHs from water samples; this was performed by the GC analysis technique with a flame ionization detector, since the flame ionization detector (GC-FID) works according to the principle of ions released in the combustion of the sample species, if there are any organic compounds. Under optimum conditions, the LOD range of six PAHs, including naphthalene, ranged from 0.01 μg·L −1 to 0.09 μg·L −1 , and the linear ranges extend from 0.05–50 μg·L −1 .…”

Section: Traditional Analytical Methods For Pahsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contemporary Research Progress on the Detection of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons

Zhang

Yuan

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a class of the most common and widespread contaminants. The accumulation of PAHs has made a certain impact on the environment and is seriously threatening human health. Numerous general analytical methods suitable for PAHs were developed. With the development of economy, the environmental problems of PAHs in modern society are more extensive and prominent, and attract more attention from environmental scientists and analysts. Deeper understanding of the properties of PAHs depends on the advent of detection methods, which can also be more conducive to promoting the protection of the environment. Till now, more sensitive, more high-speed and more high-throughput analytical tools are being invented and have played important roles in the research of PAHs. In this short review article, we focused mainly on the contemporary analytical methods about PAHs. We started with a brief review on the hazards, migration, distribution and traditional analysis methods of PAHs in recent years, including liquid chromatography, gas chromatography, surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy and so on. We also presented the applications of the modern ambient mass spectrometry, especially microwave plasma torch mass spectrometry, in the detection of PAHs, as well as the far out novel results in our lab by using microwave plasma torch (MPT) mass spectrometry; for example, some new insights about Birch reduction, regular hydrogen addition and the robustness of molecular structure. These studies have demonstrated the versatility of MPT MS as a platform in the research of PAHs.

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“…So, miniaturization of the sample preparation process to a microextraction technique is favorite. Various microextraction approaches like solid-phase microextraction, [23][24][25][26][27][28] dispersive solid-phase extraction, 29,30 stir bar sorptive extraction, 31,32 magnetic solid-phase extraction, 33 liquid-phase microextraction, 34,35 dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction, 36,37 and air-agitation liquid-liquid microextraction (AALLME) 38 have been successfully utilized for the analysis of PAHs in several samples. Among these sample preparation methods, AALLME has shown better results in the analysis of PAHs in diverse matrices because of its ease and efficiency.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surfactant-enhanced air-agitation liquid–liquid microextraction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from edible oil using magnetic deep eutectic solvent prior to HPLC determination

Adib,

Afshar Mogaddam,

Nemati

et al. 2023

Anal. Methods

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Electrochemical exfoliation of pencil graphite for preparation of graphene coating as a new versatile SPME fiber for determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by gas chromatography

Cited by 19 publications

References 28 publications

Interfacial Characterization of Polypyrrole/AuNP Composites towards Electrocatalysis of Ascorbic Acid Oxidation

Interfacial Characterization of Polypyrrole/AuNP Composites towards Electrocatalysis of Ascorbic Acid Oxidation

Contemporary Research Progress on the Detection of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons

Surfactant-enhanced air-agitation liquid–liquid microextraction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from edible oil using magnetic deep eutectic solvent prior to HPLC determination

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