Electrochemical exfoliation of graphite in nanofibrillated kenaf cellulose (NFC)/surfactant mixture for the development of conductive paper

Abstract

The effect of incorporating common dodecyl anionic and cationic surfactants such as dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide (DTAB), dodecylethyldimethylammonium bromide (DDAB), and sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS) in nanocomposites of reduced graphene oxide and nanocellulose are described. The stabilization and electrical properties of the nanocomoposites of reduced graphene oxide (RGO) and nanofibrillated kenaf cellulose (NFC) were characterized using four-point probe electrical conductivity measurements. Raman spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy were used to investigate dispersion morphology and quality RGO inside the NFC matrices. Small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) was used to study the aggregation behavior of the surfactant aqueous systems and RGO dispersions. The cationic surfactant DTAB proved to be the best choice for stabilization of RGO in NFC, giving enhanced electrical conductivity of five orders of magnitude higher than the neat NFC. The results highlight the effects of hydrophilic surfactant moieties on structure, stability and properties of RGO/NFC composites.

Advances in Small Angle Neutron Scattering on Polysaccharide Materials

“…The use of nanocomposites composed of nanocellulose in combination with graphene for the development of conductive paper is another promising research subject and the use of surfactants as stabilizers has been proposed as an alternative to other more prevalent preparation methods [ 89 ]. The behavior of surfactants’ solutions, that are known to self-assemble into aqueous phrase, was examined through SANS measurements and compared with solutions at the same surfactant concentrations and incorporated reduced graphene oxide (RGO).…”

Current State of Applications of Nanocellulose in Flexible Energy and Electronic Devices

“…On the other hand, the hydrophilic surfaces acted as CNF-bound graphene dispersing in water and the charged carboxylates stabilized the CNF-bound graphene dispersions in aqueous solution (Xu and Hsieh, 2019). Ardyani et al (2020) investigated the effect of incorporation of anionic and cationic surfactants in nanocomposites of reduced graphene oxide (RGO) and nanocellulose. This technique increased the electrical conductivity (1.28 × 10 −4 S.cm −1 ) of the nanocomposites since the fractional free volume was reduced due to the enhanced affinity between RGO and nanocellulose.…”

Highly anisotropic thermal conductivity and electrical insulation of nanofibrillated cellulose/Al2O3@rGO composite films: effect of the particle size

“…In this work, we attempted to further research the relationship between the size of a certain part in hybrid fillers and the performance of the films. NFC was chosen as the main matrix material because of its excellent biocompatibility, biodegradability, and electrical insulation [28][29][30]. Then, rGO hybrid thermal conducting fillers loaded with different sizes of Al 2 O 3 particles were prepared by different drying methods.…”