Electrochemical dissolution of metallic platinum in ionic liquids

Deferm, Clio; Hulsegge, Jaco; Möller, Claudia; Thijs, Ben

doi:10.1007/s10800-013-0541-6

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The electrochemical dissolution of platinum was achieved in eutectic-based ILs, ZnCl 2 -1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (molar ratio: 1:3) and ZnCl 2 -chloline chloride (molar ratio 1:1), with formation of [PtCl x ] y − . 111 …”

Section: Ionic Liquids and Deep Eutectic Solventsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This mixture could leach platinum immobilized on the carbon substrate of the electrodes from fuel-cell membrane electrode assemblies and simultaneously electrodeposit platinum on the counter electrode. The electrochemical dissolution of platinum was achieved in eutectic-based ILs, ZnCl 2 -1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (molar ratio: 1:3) and ZnCl 2 -chloline chloride (molar ratio 1:1), with formation of [PtCl x ] y − …”

Section: Ionic Liquids and Deep Eutectic Solventsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The electrochemical dissolution of platinum was achieved in eutectic-based ILs, ZnCl 2 -1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (molar ratio: 1:3) and ZnCl 2chloline chloride (molar ratio 1:1), with formation of [PtCl x ] y− . 111 Although ILs are considered as environmentally benign reagents and although they can efficiently dissolve various metals under mild conditions, they are in general quite expensive, so that they cannot be used in an economically way to dissolve base metals. However, the high cost of ILs can be justified for the extraction or recovery of precious metals from mineral ores or secondary resources.…”

Section: Ionic Liquidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oxidative Dissolution of Metals in Organic Solvents

Binnemans

2021

Chem. Rev.

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Dissolution of metals in organic solvents is relevant to various application fields, such as metal extraction from ores or secondary resources, surface etching or polishing of metals, direct synthesis of organometallic compounds, and separation of metals from other compounds. Organic solvents for dissolution of metals can offer a solution when aqueous systems fail, such as separation of metals from metal oxides, because both the metal and metal oxide could codissolve in aqueous acidic solutions. This review critically discusses organic media (conventional molecular organic solvents, ionic liquids, deep-eutectic solvents and supercritical carbon dioxide) for oxidative dissolution of metals in different application areas. The reaction mechanisms of dissolution processes are discussed for various lixiviant systems which generally consist of oxidizing agents, chelating agents, and solvents. Different oxidizing agents for dissolution of metals are reviewed such as halogens, halogenated organics, donor–acceptor electron-transfer systems, polyhalide ionic liquids, and others. Both chemical and electrochemical processes are included. The review can guide researchers to develop more efficient, economic, and environmentally friendly processes for dissolution of metals in their elemental state.

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Section: Ionic Liquids and Deep Eutectic Solventsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ionic Liquids and Deep Eutectic Solventsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ionic Liquidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oxidative Dissolution of Metals in Organic Solvents

Binnemans

2021

Chem. Rev.

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“…This window is usually far larger than 2 V, which makes it possible to perform anodic dissolution and electrodeposition of various metals with a limited ionic liquid degradation [8,23,24]. ILs appear promising for the recovery of hardly reducible metals [9,25,26], or noble metals of troublesome oxidation [27][28][29][30]. Moreover, ILs composed of coordinating anions (such as Cl − , Br − , SCN − , N(CN) 2 − .…”

Section: Direct Electroleaching/electrodeposition Of Platinum In Ionimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It can then be concluded that platinum is leached in the form of Pt +IV beyond 1 V vs. Ag +I /Ag. According to the literature [28,37,38], Pt +IV should be dissolved as a chloride complex. This hypothesis was confirmed by amperometric titration of free chloride ions before and after platinum leaching.…”

Section: Electrochemical Leaching and Electrodeposition Of Platinummentioning

confidence: 99%

Recovery of Metals from Secondary Raw Materials by Coupled Electroleaching and Electrodeposition in Aqueous or Ionic Liquid Media

Leclerc

Legeai

Balva

et al. 2018

Metals

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This paper presents recent views on a hybrid process for beneficiation of secondary raw materials by combined electroleaching of targeted metals and electrodeposition. On the basis of several case studies with aqueous solutions or in ionic liquid media, the paper describes the potential and the limits of the novel, hybrid technique, together with the methodology employed, combining determination of speciation, physical chemistry, electrochemistry, and chemical engineering. On one hand, the case of electroleaching/electrodeposition (E/E) process in aqueous media, although often investigated at the bench scale, appears nevertheless relatively mature, because of the developed methodology, and the appreciable current density allowed, and so it can be used to successfully treat electrode materials of spent Zn/MnO 2 batteries or Ni/Cd accumulators and Waelz oxide. On the other hand, the use of ionic liquids as promising media for the recovery of various metals can be considered for other types of wastes, as shown here for the case of electrodes of aged fuel cells. The combined (E/E) technique could be successfully used for the above waste, in particular by the tricky selection of ionic liquid media. Nevertheless, further investigations in physical chemistry and chemical engineering appear necessary for possible developments of larger-scale processes for the recovery of these strategic resources.

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Environmentally Friendly Recycling of Fuel‐Cell Membrane Electrode Assemblies by Using Ionic Liquids

et al. 2017

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The platinum nanoparticles used as the catalyst in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) represent approximately 46 % of the total price of the cells for a large-scale production, and this is one of the barriers to their commercialization. Therefore, the recycling of the platinum catalyst could be the best alternative to limit the production costs of PEMFCs. The usual recovery routes for spent catalysts containing platinum are pyro-hydrometallurgical processes in which a calcination step is followed by aqua regia treatment, and these processes generate fumes and NO emissions, respectively. The electrochemical recovery route proposed here is more environmentally friendly, performed under "soft" temperature conditions, and does not result in any gas emissions. It consists of the coupling of the electrochemical leaching of platinum in chloride-based ionic liquids (ILs), followed by its electrodeposition. The leaching of platinum was studied in pure ILs and in ionic-liquid melts at different temperatures and with different chloride contents. Through the modulation of the composition of the ionic-liquid melts, it is possible to leach and electrodeposit the platinum from fuel-cell electrodes in a single-cell process under an inert or ambient atmosphere.

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Electrochemical dissolution of metallic platinum in ionic liquids

Cited by 6 publications

References 22 publications

Oxidative Dissolution of Metals in Organic Solvents

Oxidative Dissolution of Metals in Organic Solvents

Recovery of Metals from Secondary Raw Materials by Coupled Electroleaching and Electrodeposition in Aqueous or Ionic Liquid Media

Environmentally Friendly Recycling of Fuel‐Cell Membrane Electrode Assemblies by Using Ionic Liquids

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