Electrochemical Determination of Adrenaline Using MXene/Graphite Composite Paste Electrodes

Abstract

MXene/graphite composite paste electrode (MXene/GCPE)-based electrochemical sensor has been fabricated for the detection of adrenaline. The electrode exhibits a sensitive response to adrenaline in phosphate buffer solution of pH 7.4, and its catalytic activity is much higher than that of the bare graphite paste electrode. The electrontransfer reaction of MXene/GCPE is a diffusion controlled process. The graph of concentration of adrenaline with the peak current exhibits two linearities, one in the lower and other in the higher concentration range with a detection limit of 9.5 nM. The simultaneous analyses of adrenaline, ascorbic acid, and serotonin reveal that the fabricated electrode could separate the overlapped cyclic voltammetric peaks of these ternary mixtures. This electrode has been further employed in the detection of adrenaline in pharmaceutical samples with 99.2− 100.8% recoveries.

Supercapacitors based on Ti3C2Tx MXene extracted from supernatant and current collectors passivated by CVD-graphene

“…It is confirmed from Table S5 that the parameters of the CVD-G based supercapacitors are superior without the CVD-G counterparts. The values of R s , R ct and W are among the lowest reported values in the MXene based supercapacitors 17 , 19 , 21 , 50 . The low values of W in the order of magnitude of 0.1 Ω implies that the diffusion process of the ions is not significant.…”

3D hierarchical transition-metal sulfides deposited on MXene as binder-free electrode for high-performance supercapacitors

“…Supercapacitors such as electrochemical capacitors (ECs) have a wide range of applications as complementary energy-storage devices to batteries in electric vehicles, wearable devices, and portable electronics owing to their fast chargedischarge performance, high power density, and excellent cycle life. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] Based on their charge-storage mechanism, the ECs can be classified into two categories: 1) electrical double-layer capacitors (EDLCs), which are characterized by ion adsorption/desorption at the interlayer between the electrode and electrolyte, and 2) pseudocapacitors, which utilize a Faradaic redox reaction and provide higher capacitance. There have been several reports on the active electrode materials, such as carbon materials, metal oxides, and conductive polymers.…”

Fabrication of Cobaltosic Oxide Nanoparticle‐Doped 3 D MXene/Graphene Hybrid Porous Aerogels for All‐Solid‐State Supercapacitors

“…Nevertheless, some intrinsic properties of MXenes, such as their easy oxidation and layer‐stacking aggregation, severely limit the accessibility of electrolyte ions, leading to compromised energy density and specific capacitance . To solve these problems, researchers have devoted much effort to the design and preparation of hybrid nanocomposites with different hierarchical structures to enhance the electrical conductivity, and consequently, improve the electrochemical properties . Recently, transition metal oxides have been used widely as electrode materials for supercapacitors and lithium‐ion secondary batteries because of their high theoretical specific capacitances and abundant reserves .…”