Electrochemical Detection of Prostate Cancer Biomarker PCA3 Using Specific RNA-Based Aptamer Labelled with Ferrocene

Nabok, Alexei; Abu-Ali, Hisham; Takita, Sarra; Smith, David P.

doi:10.3390/chemosensors9040059

Cited by 26 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 50 publications

(80 reference statements)

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“…The smallest concentration of PCA3 used in this work was 1 nM, which is equivalent to 2.5 ng/mL (considering the molecular weight of about 2.5 kD for a 78 bp fragment of lncRNA-PCA3 transcript). Our previous study based on the same strategy of electrochemical detection of PCA3 using a redox-labeled aptamer [26] demonstrated a wide detection range of PCA3 from 1 µg/mL down to 0.1 ng/mL. The sensitivity of the proposed electrochemical aptasensor is comparable to the values reported in [11][12][13] and is thought to be sufficient for the detection of the PCA3 prostate cancer biomarker in urine.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

“…The application of aptamers in medical diagnostic tools as bioreceptors for biomarkers of different types of cancers has risen dramatically in the last few years [ 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 ]. The detection of PCA3 in aptamer assays was reported recently in several publications [ 17 , 18 , 26 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Simple electrochemical methods for the detection of PCA3 using specific aptamers labeled with a redox group (ferrocene) were demonstrated in our previous publication [ 26 ]. While the detection principle has been proven, there are still many questions that remain unanswered.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optimization of Apta-Sensing Platform for Detection of Prostate Cancer Marker PCA3

Takita

Nabok

Lishchuk

et al. 2021

IJMS

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This work is a continuation of our research into the development of simple, reliable, and cost-effective methods for the early diagnosis of prostate cancer (PCa). The proposed method is based on the electrochemical detection of the PCA3 biomarker of PCa (long non-coded RNA transcript expressed in urine) using a specific aptamer labeled with a redox group (methylene blue). The electrochemical measurements (cyclic voltammograms) obtained from electrodes functionalized with the aptamer were complemented in this work by another biosensing technique: total internal reflection ellipsometry (TIRE). In addition to proving the concept of the detection of PCA3 in low concentrations down to 90 pM, this study improved our understanding of the processes by which PCA3 binds to its specific aptamer. The high specificity of the binding of PCA3 to the aptamer was assessed by studying the binding kinetics, which yielded an affinity constant (KD) of 2.58 × 10−9 M. Additional XPS measurements confirmed the strong covalent binding of aptamers to gold and showed spectral features associated with PCA3 to aptamer binding.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optimization of Apta-Sensing Platform for Detection of Prostate Cancer Marker PCA3

Takita

Nabok

Lishchuk

et al. 2021

IJMS

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“…This work is mostly focused on TIRE detection of PCA3 in direct assay with unlabelled CG3 aptamers immobilized on the surface of gold. The results are compared to our data of electrochemical detection of PCA3 using redox-labelled CG3 aptamer reported earlier in [20]. Our observations are a step towards the long-term aim of developing a novel, accurate, simple, and cost-effective diagnostic tool for the early detection of prostate cancer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 67%

“…The RNA-based aptamer (CG3 aptamer), with a high affinity towards 277-bases section of PCA3 transcript, has been developed recently [19]. The successful application of the CG3 aptamer functionalized with ferrocene at C5 terminal and immobilized on the surface of gold screen-printed electrodes via thiol group at C3 terminal for electrochemical in-vitro detection of PCA3 in low concentrations down to sub-pM range was reported for the first time in [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spectroscopic Ellipsometry Detection of Prostate Cancer Bio-Marker PCA3 Using Specific Non-Labeled Aptamer: Comparison with Electrochemical Detection

Takita

Nabok

Smith

et al. 2021

The 1st International Electronic Conference on Chemical Sensors and Analytical Chemistry

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The most common prostate cancer (PCa) diagnostics, which are based on detection of prostate-specific antigens (PSA) in blood, have specificity limitations often resulting in both false-positive and false-negative results; therefore, improvement in PCa diagnostics using more specific PCa biomarkers is of high importance. Studies have shown that the long noncoding RNA Prostate Cancer Antigen 3 (lncPCA3) that is over-expressed in the urine of prostate cancer patients is an ideal biomarker for non-invasive early diagnostics of PCa. Geno-sensors based on aptamer bioreceptors (aptasensors) offer cost- and time-effective, and precise diagnostic tools for detecting PCa biomarkers. In this study, we report on further developments of RNA-based aptasensors exploiting optical (spectroscopic ellipsometry) measurements in comparison with electrochemical (CV and IS) measurements published earlier. These sensors were made by immobilization of thiolated CG-3 RNA aptamers on the surface of gold. Instead of a redox-labelled aptamer used previously in electrochemical measurements, a non-labelled aptamer was used here in a combination with total internal reflection ellipsometry (TIRE) measurements. The results obtained by these two methods were compared. The method of TIRE is potentially highly sensitive and comparable in that respect with electrochemical methods capable of detection of PCA3 in sub-pM levels of concentration. The required selectivity is provided by the high affinity of PCA3-to-aptamer binding with KD in the 10−9 M range. The spectroscopic ellipsometry measurements provided additional information on the processes of PCA3 to aptamer binding.

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Nurturing the marriages of urinary liquid biopsies and nano‐diagnostics for precision urinalysis of prostate cancer

Liao

Chen

et al. 2023

Smart Medicine

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Prostate cancer remains the second-most common cancer diagnosed in men, despite the increasingly widespread use of serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening. The controversial clinical implications and cost benefits of PSA screening have been highlighted due to its poor specificity, resulting in a high rate of overdiagnosis and underdiagnosis. Thus, the development of novel biomarkers for prostate cancer detection remains an intriguing challenge. Urine is emerging as a source for prostate cancer biomarker discovery.Currently, new urine biomarkers already outperform serum PSA in clinical diagnosis. Meanwhile, the advances in nanotechnology have provided a suite of diagnostic tools to study prostate cancer in more detail, sparking a new era of biomarker discoveries. In this review, we envision that future prostate cancer diagnosis will probably integrate multiplex nano-diagnostic approaches to detect novel urinary biomarkers. However, challenges remain in differentiating indolent from aggressive cancers to better inform treatment decisions, and clinical translation still needs to be overcome.This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Electrochemical Detection of Prostate Cancer Biomarker PCA3 Using Specific RNA-Based Aptamer Labelled with Ferrocene

Cited by 26 publications

References 50 publications

Optimization of Apta-Sensing Platform for Detection of Prostate Cancer Marker PCA3

Optimization of Apta-Sensing Platform for Detection of Prostate Cancer Marker PCA3

Spectroscopic Ellipsometry Detection of Prostate Cancer Bio-Marker PCA3 Using Specific Non-Labeled Aptamer: Comparison with Electrochemical Detection

Nurturing the marriages of urinary liquid biopsies and nano‐diagnostics for precision urinalysis of prostate cancer

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