Electrochemical Corrosion of Stainless Steel in Thiosulfate Solutions Relevant to Gold Leaching

Choudhary, Lokesh; Wang, Wei; Alfantazi, Akram

doi:10.1007/s11661-015-3202-z

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…This behavior could be attributed to the high pH of the solution (∼11.6), which may decrease the localized acidity necessary to cause the pitting. 54 Therefore, the increase in the current density at potentials above 0.6 V could be caused by the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) or the oxidation of thiosulfate.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical and Passive Layer Characterizations of 304L, 316L, and Duplex 2205 Stainless Steels in Thiosulfate Gold Leaching Solutions

Mohammadi

Choudhary

Gadala

et al. 2016

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Thiosulfate extraction of gold has sparked widespread interest in recovering gold from carbonaceous and copper-containing gold ores. However, thiosulfate ions are known to be dangerous corrosion promoters of structural materials. Accordingly, this study aims at characterizing the electrochemical corrosion performance of various structural steels in calcium thiosulfate and ammonium thiosulfate gold leaching solutions. The corrosion behavior was investigated using cyclic potentiodynamic polarization, open circuit potential monitoring, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. It was found that the stainless steels, namely 304L, 316L and duplex 2205, manifested no sign of pitting corrosion in the calcium thiosulfate leaching solution. Thiosulfate ions at a high concentration of 0.1 M in the calcium thiosulfate leaching solution played a protective role against pitting corrosion. In the ammonium thiosulfate leaching solution also, findings indicated the absence of pitting/localized corrosion for the duplex 2205 stainless steel. The thicknesses of the passive films formed on the stainless steels at different operating conditions were calculated using a variety of proposed electrochemical models and the obtained results were validated with ToF-SIMS experimental results. It was determined that the recently-developed power-law (P-L) model predicts the film thickness more accurately than the other models studied.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical and Passive Layer Characterizations of 304L, 316L, and Duplex 2205 Stainless Steels in Thiosulfate Gold Leaching Solutions

Mohammadi

Choudhary

Gadala

et al. 2016

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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“…As the immersion continues, the friction coefficient of the outer layer increases sublinearly with immersion time in phosphate buffer (Figure 5c). The corrosion resistance of the oxide film in passivating solutions was reported to increase with time during the first stage and then remain almost constant after a longer immersion time [43][44][45]. We suggest a similar development for MGs in phosphate buffer, where the protective effect of the inner layer becomes stronger with the immersion time, the dissolution becomes slower, and the growth rate of the outer layer decreases.…”

Section: Relationship Between Corrosion and Nanoscale Frictionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Relationship between corrosion and nanoscale friction on a metallic glass

Ma¹,

Bennewitz²

2022

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol.

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Metallic glasses are promising materials for microdevices, although corrosion and friction limit their effectiveness and durability. We investigated nanoscale friction on a metallic glass in corrosive solutions after different periods of immersion time using atomic force microscopy to elucidate the influence of corrosion on nanoscale friction. The evolution of friction upon repeated scanning cycles on the corroded surfaces reveals a bilayer surface oxide film, of which the outer layer is removed by the scanning tip. The measurement of friction and adhesion allows one to compare the physicochemical processes of surface dissolution at the interface of the two layers. The findings contribute to the understanding of mechanical contacts with metallic glasses under corrosive conditions by exploring the interrelation of microscopic corrosion mechanisms and nanoscale friction.

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“…Studies of thermally sensitised Type 304 stainless steel in thiosulfate solutions without applied stress have been performed in other works with varying reports 26,31 . Some studies found that thiosulfate does not result in anodic activity or localised corrosion in the absence of stress [22][23][24]31 . However, in other works thiosulfate was found to initiate and propagate localised corrosion processes in such a way that the role of stress was considered to be secondary 26 .…”

Section: Measurements Of Individual Factors Leading To Sccmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is a model system that can reliably and predictably produce SCC allowing for in situ measurements. Thiosulfate containing solutions are used across numerous industries including nuclear, chemical, medical, paper, etc., and are known to induce intergranular SCC (IGSCC) within sensitised austenitic stainless steels when under a tensile stress [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32] . A number of previous studies have been performed analysing the IGSCC behaviour of stainless steels within thiosulfate solutions, largely conducted by reaction sensing techniques [22][23][24][25][26][27]30,32 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Observation of stress corrosion cracking using real-time in situ high-speed atomic force microscopy and correlative techniques

et al. 2021

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Contact-mode high-speed atomic force microscopy (HS-AFM) has been utilised to measure in situ stress corrosion cracking (SCC) with nanometre resolution on AISI Type 304 stainless steel in an aggressive salt solution. SCC is an important failure mode in many metal systems but has a complicated mechanism that makes failure difficult to predict. Prior to the in situ experiments, the contributions of microstructure, environment and stress to SCC were independently studied using HS-AFM. During SCC measurements, uplift of grain boundaries before cracking was observed, indicating a subsurface contribution to the cracking mechanism. Focussed ion beam milling revealed a network of intergranular cracks below the surface lined with a thin oxide, indicating that the SCC process is dominated by local stress at oxide-weakened boundaries. Subsequent analysis by atom probe tomography of a crack tip showed a layered oxide composition at the surface of the crack walls. Oxide formation is posited to be mechanistically linked to grain boundary uplift. This study shows how in situ HS-AFM observations in combination with complementary techniques can give important insights into the mechanisms of SCC.

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Electrochemical Corrosion of Stainless Steel in Thiosulfate Solutions Relevant to Gold Leaching

Cited by 12 publications

References 57 publications

Electrochemical and Passive Layer Characterizations of 304L, 316L, and Duplex 2205 Stainless Steels in Thiosulfate Gold Leaching Solutions

Electrochemical and Passive Layer Characterizations of 304L, 316L, and Duplex 2205 Stainless Steels in Thiosulfate Gold Leaching Solutions

Relationship between corrosion and nanoscale friction on a metallic glass

Observation of stress corrosion cracking using real-time in situ high-speed atomic force microscopy and correlative techniques

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