Electrochemical corrosion of a multiphase alloy/oxide composite nuclear waste form

Gattu, V. K.; Ebert, W. L.; Indacochea, J. E.; Frank, S. M.

doi:10.1016/j.corsci.2021.109358

Cited by 9 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“… 30 Recently, long-term corrosion of multiphase alloy and oxide material were examined under geologic disposal conditions. 31 They confirmed that electrochemical impedance spectroscopy altered the electrical properties of the alloys surfaces and corrosion rates. Those methods gave a quantitative evaluation of corrosion for long-term waste disposal assessments and alternative methods that do not change the alloy surface properties.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 74%

“…Surface analysis of the corroded alloys after potentiodynamic studies clearly revealed that the intermetallics dominated with iron metal and nickel and copper were found relatively low in the presence of Cl – solution . Recently, long-term corrosion of multiphase alloy and oxide material were examined under geologic disposal conditions . They confirmed that electrochemical impedance spectroscopy altered the electrical properties of the alloys surfaces and corrosion rates.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 85%

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Understanding the Mechanism of Cs Accumulation on Stainless Steel Suspended in Nuclear High-Level Liquid Waste

et al. 2022

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In a nuclear facility, the surface of stainless steels (SS) was found to be contaminated during the processing of radioactive liquid waste. Their safe and secure disposal is highly challenging to the nuclear industry. If the fundamental property of steel corrosion could be evaluated, successful decontamination and effective decommissioning strategies could be planned. Although individual radionuclide contamination behavior on SS metal was studied, till date, SS contamination behavior under the exposure of high-level liquid waste (HLLW) was unexplored. In view of this, investigations were carried out to understand the nature of contamination in SS 304L alloy under the exposure of simulated HLLW (SHLLW). For understanding of radionuclide adsorption behavior on structural materials, scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy have been utilized for SS 304L. The solutions were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy to calculate the changes in the elemental composition of the solution and corrosion behavior of SS. The passivation of SS coupons was observed in the presence of HNO 3 due to enrichment of Cr at the surface. The deposition of Cs and Mo was noticed, while SS coupons were exposed to SHLLW. At 3 M HNO 3 and room temperature, the SS surface is mildly passivated by Cr enrichment by formation of a Cr oxide layer on the SS surface. However, the passive layer was not thick enough to attenuate the signal from the substrate below the passivated layer. Hence, Fe 0 and Cr 0 were also found along with Cr 3+ and Fe 3+ (in small quantity). When temperature was elevated to 70 °C, the SS surface was completely covered with the Cr oxide layer, and hence no Cr 0 signal was observed. The small signal of Fe 0 indicated that the signal from the substrate surface is present below the passive layer. During the passivation process, Cr diffused toward the passive layer, thereby producing a Cr-depleted layer below the passive layer (Cr 0 signal was not seen). In the case of SHLLW at 70 °C, the surface was fully covered by Cr 3+ , Mo 6+ , and Cs + . Fe and Ni were not observed at all. This finding will help to design an effective corrosion inhibitor and suitable decontamination agent. In addition to that, this information was found to be useful in designing high-performance novel and modern age reactor materials with improved characteristics.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 74%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 85%

Understanding the Mechanism of Cs Accumulation on Stainless Steel Suspended in Nuclear High-Level Liquid Waste

et al. 2022

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“…The corrosion potential could reflect the corrosion degree of the heterojunction film. 41 Due to the intrusion of chloride ions, the corrosion potential of all coatings shifted to varying degrees in the positive direction. After adding the ZWO 2.92 heterojunction to epoxy resin, the most positive corrosion potential manifested that it greatly enhanced resistance to the invasion of corrosive media.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The passivation area could be clearly observed in the anode area, which demonstrated that passivation films were formed on the surface of steel. The corrosion potential could reflect the corrosion degree of the heterojunction film . Due to the intrusion of chloride ions, the corrosion potential of all coatings shifted to varying degrees in the positive direction.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxygen Vacancy Defects and a Field Effect-Mediated ZnO/WO_2.92 Heterojunction for Enhanced Corrosion Resistance

et al. 2021

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The heterojunction constructed by tungsten oxide and zinc oxide materials can improve the problem of easy deactivation of electrons, which is a new and effective strategy for realizing anticorrosion. Here, the ZnO/WO 2.92 heterojunction modified by oxygen vacancies (OVs) serving as the photoelectric conversion center was not consumed to provide continuous light-induced protection for steel, and the impedance value was increased by 185.35% compared to that of epoxy resin after 72 h of corrosion. The enhanced anticorrosion activity was due to OV modification leading to oxygen adsorption and electron capture, which inhibited the cathodic corrosion reaction and effectively hindered electron transport. Additionally, the localized surface plasmon resonance effect produced by OVs improved light utilization efficiency and increased electron density, which enabled numerous photoelectrons to gather on the surface of the iron substrate to reduce the corrosion rate of metals. Besides, the cascade effect of the ZnO/WO 2.92 heterojunction promoted the transfer of e − /h + to form an electric field that allowed the directional flow of electrons to inhibit the anode dissolution process. Thus, exploring the corrosion reaction involving OVs and heterojunction structures was of great significance to the development of nonsacrificial and efficient anticorrosion materials.

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“…The addition of Mo to stainless steels is known to enhance the resistance to pitting corrosion by improving the passive film stability [2][3][4][5][6]. The benefits of adding small amounts of Mo to the corrosion resistance of stainless steels in acidic chloride solutions and the Fe-Cr-Mo synergy is well established [7][8][9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Mo additions on the potentiostatic corrosion behaviour of multiphase 316L SS-based alloys

Gattu

Rahman

Ebert

et al. 2022

Corrosion Engineering, Science and Technology

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A set of cast alloys was made by alloying 316L stainless steel powder with 5, 10, and 15 wt-% Mo to study the effects of the Mo content on the microstructures and corrosion behaviours. Sigma phases formed in all alloys and Laves phases co-precipitated in alloys with Mo additions of 10 and 15 wt-%. Alloys with higher Mo concentrations had greater volume fractions of both intermetallic phases, which contained higher Mo but lower Ni levels than the austenite. Potentiodynamic and potentiostatic tests were performed in pH 4 solution containing 10 mM NaCl to provide an aggressive chemical environment. All cast alloys had higher corrosion resistance than 316L SS. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy showed the Mo content had a significant beneficial effect on the electrical properties of the passivating layers under highly oxidising conditions, but only a minor effect under moderately oxidising redox conditions.

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Electrochemical corrosion of a multiphase alloy/oxide composite nuclear waste form

Cited by 9 publications

References 12 publications

Understanding the Mechanism of Cs Accumulation on Stainless Steel Suspended in Nuclear High-Level Liquid Waste

Understanding the Mechanism of Cs Accumulation on Stainless Steel Suspended in Nuclear High-Level Liquid Waste

Oxygen Vacancy Defects and a Field Effect-Mediated ZnO/WO_2.92 Heterojunction for Enhanced Corrosion Resistance

Effects of Mo additions on the potentiostatic corrosion behaviour of multiphase 316L SS-based alloys

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Electrochemical corrosion of a multiphase alloy/oxide composite nuclear waste form

Cited by 9 publications

References 12 publications

Understanding the Mechanism of Cs Accumulation on Stainless Steel Suspended in Nuclear High-Level Liquid Waste

Understanding the Mechanism of Cs Accumulation on Stainless Steel Suspended in Nuclear High-Level Liquid Waste

Oxygen Vacancy Defects and a Field Effect-Mediated ZnO/WO2.92 Heterojunction for Enhanced Corrosion Resistance

Effects of Mo additions on the potentiostatic corrosion behaviour of multiphase 316L SS-based alloys

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Oxygen Vacancy Defects and a Field Effect-Mediated ZnO/WO_2.92 Heterojunction for Enhanced Corrosion Resistance