Electrochemical copolymerisation of luminol with aniline: A new route for the preparation of self-doped polyanilines

Ferreira, V.; Cascalheira, A.C.; Abrantes, L.M.

doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2007.08.020

Cited by 31 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The voltammogram acquired are different of those obtained with metallic electrodes in similar conditions, for the reason that additionally to process B 1 /B 1 ' presented in metallic electrodes (Chang et al, 2005;Kumar et al, 2009), a second process B 2 /B 2 ' is presented. A similar process to B 2 /B 2 ' is obtained for the copolymers of aniline and luminol synthesised using solutions with more concentration of luminol that aniline (Roberti et al, 2008;Ferreira et al, 2008) and during the oxidation of luminiol in higher potentials 1.2 V (Zhang & Chen, 2000). Additionally the aspect of voltammogram presented in Figure 8 is very similar to those of copolymer therefore probably this peak are associated to polymer formation.…”

Section: Electrodeposition and Characterization Of Polyluminol 321 supporting

confidence: 48%

“…It is proved that the films obtained to oxidation of luminol are self-doped (Ferreira et al, 2008), this implicate that they are electroactive to 4 < pH. Figure 10 shows the voltammograms for polyluminol synthesised with E λ = 0.8 V at acid and neutral pH.…”

Section: Electrochemical Activity Of Polyluminol To Ph Neutralmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, different works have showed that the product obtained are dimmers and no polymers (Ferreira et al, 2008;Robertis et al, 2008), the chemical composition of film has been attributed to the bass solubility of monomer in solution. In order to obtain a polymer of luminol we propose increase the monomer concentration in the interface electrode/electrolyte using paste carbon electrodes bulk modified with luminol.…”

Section: Electrodeposition and Characterization Of Polyluminol 321 mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electrochemical Preparation and Properties of Novel Conducting Polymers Derived from 5-Amino-2naphtalensulfonic Acid, Luminol and from Mixtures of Them

Torres-Rodríguez¹,

Montes‐Rojas²,

Ramos-Guzmán³

et al. 2011

Electropolymerization

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Section: Electrodeposition and Characterization Of Polyluminol 321 supporting

confidence: 48%

Section: Electrochemical Activity Of Polyluminol To Ph Neutralmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Electrodeposition and Characterization Of Polyluminol 321 mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Electrochemical Preparation and Properties of Novel Conducting Polymers Derived from 5-Amino-2naphtalensulfonic Acid, Luminol and from Mixtures of Them

Torres-Rodríguez¹,

Montes‐Rojas²,

Ramos-Guzmán³

et al. 2011

Electropolymerization

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“…A highly porous films were obtained for poly(luminol) grown using cyclic voltammetry (CV). The obtained roughness and the porosity of poly(luminol) films are similar to that obtained for polyaniline electropolymerized from an aqueous media [26,27].…”

mentioning

confidence: 52%

Selective Detection of Uric Acid in the Presence of Ascorbic Acid and Dopamine Using Polymerized Luminol Film Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode

2009

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Electrochemically polymerized luminol film on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) surface has been used as a sensor for selective detection of uric acid (UA) in the presence of ascorbic acid (AA) and dopamine (DA). Cyclic voltammetry was used to evaluate the electrochemical properties of the poly(luminol) film modified electrode. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) have been used for surface characterizations. The bare GCE failed to distinguish the oxidation peaks of AA, DA and UA in phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.0), while the poly(luminol) modified electrode could separate them efficiently. In differential pulse voltammetric (DPV) measurements, the modified GCE could separate AA and DA signals from UA, allowing the selective determination of UA. Using DPV, the linear range (3.0 Â 10 À5 to 1.0 Â 10 À3 M) and the detection limit (2.0 Â 10 À6 M) were estimated for measurement of UA in physiological condition. The applicability of the prepared electrode was demonstrated by measuring UA in human urine samples. Uric acid (UA) is the ultimate catabolite of purine metabolism in humans and higher primates. It is a weak organic acid that under physiologic conditions exists mainly as a monosodium salt. At a pH less than 5.75, as may occur in the urine, the predominant form is nonionized UA. The solubility of monosodium urate is about 18 times greater than UA in aqueous solutions. This solubility difference provides the therapeutic rationale for alkalinization of the urine pH to greater than 6.0 in patients forming UA stones. UA levels are influenced by age and sex. Many additional factors, including exercise, diet, drugs, and state of hydration, may result in transient fluctuations of UA levels. Extreme, abnormal levels of UA in body fluids will lead to some diseases. It is for this reason, that simple and rapid detection methods are required [1 -3].Detection of biological molecules using chemically modified electrodes is more attractive strategy since electrochemical sensors combines the specificity of biological or chemical recognition layers with the inherent advantages (sensitivity, speed, miniaturization, linearity) of electrochemical transduction [4 -6]. Polymer modified electrodes (PMEs) are received considerable attention among the researchers for sensing applications. Electropolymerization is a good approach to prepare PMEs as adjusting electrochemical parameters can control film thickness, permeation and charge transport characteristics [6 -8].Dopamine (DA), UA and ascorbic acid (AA) usually coexist in physiological samples and these molecules have a same oxidation potential on the unmodified solid electrodes. Therefore it is essential to develop a simple and rapid method for their determination in routine analysis. Among many methods for determination of UA in biological samples, voltammetric method has shown to be a powerful tool [9,10]. Recently, edge plane pyrolytic graphite electrodes [11], Ir-modified carbon working electrode with immobilizing uricase [12], hexacyanofe...

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“…Scheme 3 Schematic illustration for redox process of P(Lum-Ani) films [41] Liu [48] . 这一结果说明, 提高电荷转移速率对增强 PANI 电化学活性具有至关重要的作用.…”

Section: 苯胺与苯胺衍生物的共聚实现自掺杂mentioning

confidence: 99%

Electroactivity of Polyaniline in High pH Solutions

Ye¹,

Lv²,

Hu³

et al. 2013

Acta Chim. Sinica

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Generally, the redox activity of polyaniline (PANI) can only be retained in acidic media at pH＜4, because the occurrence of deprotonation of the nitrogen atoms in the PANI backbone at high pH values may result in the loss of conductivity and electroactivity in neutral or alkaline solutions. This high acidity requirement greatly limits its potential applications like biosensor, marine antifouling and anticorrosion, where neutral or alkaline environments must be faced. Much effort has been exerted in the development of approaches to overcome this issue. In summary, two principal strategies have been proposed to shift the electroactivity of PANI to a high pH environment. One is based on a mechanism of protonic acid doping, the other is based on a charge transfer process. The former is to introduce acidic groups into the PANI chains or PANI systems to hinder the deprotonation of its conducting form and thus to preserve its electroactivity at higher pH values. The main approaches to introduction of acidic groups include the sulfonation of the emeraldine base of PANI, the homopolymerization of aniline derivatives with acidic ionogenic groups or the copolymerization of aniline and aniline derivatives, and the formation of PANI complexes by doping with macromolecular acids. The latter is to use a hybrid film fabricated by incorporating conductive nanomaterials into a PANI matrix, which can improve the charge transfer rate across the PANI matrix and facilitate its redox processes. The development of PANI nanocomposites prepared by doping with carbon nanotubes, graphenes and Au nanoparticles, etc., falls into this category. This review article provides an overview of various approaches to preserve the electroactivity of PANI in high pH solutions on the basis of the two main strategies. Special emphasis is placed on the synthetic methods and electrochemical features for the self-doped, polymer acid-doped and CNT-doped PANIs, including their underlying mechanisms for achieving good electroactivity. The main challenges and future research directions in this field are also discussed.

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Electrochemical copolymerisation of luminol with aniline: A new route for the preparation of self-doped polyanilines

Cited by 31 publications

References 37 publications

Electrochemical Preparation and Properties of Novel Conducting Polymers Derived from 5-Amino-2naphtalensulfonic Acid, Luminol and from Mixtures of Them

Electrochemical Preparation and Properties of Novel Conducting Polymers Derived from 5-Amino-2naphtalensulfonic Acid, Luminol and from Mixtures of Them

Selective Detection of Uric Acid in the Presence of Ascorbic Acid and Dopamine Using Polymerized Luminol Film Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode

Electroactivity of Polyaniline in High pH Solutions

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