Electrochemical Codeposition of Copper-Strontium Hydroxide Films from Dimethylsulfoxide Solutions

Abstract

The cathodic electrodeposition technique has been applied to the binary Cu͑II) ϩ Sr͑II) system in nitrate-dimethylsulfoxide solution, with use of voltammetry as a prerequisite to thin-film synthesis. The electrochemical study was performed under diffusion and convection regimes as a function of the concentration ratio r ϭ ͓Sr͑II͔͒/͓Cu͑II)] and resulted in the choice of a solution with r ϭ 5 for deposition experiments. Films were grown potentiostatically and galvanostatically at room temperature on silver tapes. Electrolytic deposition was followed by annealing for 4 min in air at 880°C. Both series were then analyzed by chronoamperometry, X-ray diffraction, electron microprobe analysis, and scanning electron microscopy. Inside the parameter ranges determined by electrochemistry, as-grown and annealed films were homogeneous, pinhole-free, and adherent. The best quality was seen in the galvanostatic mode due to accurate control of the overall deposition rate. Copper was electrodeposited as a metal by diffusion-limited reduction of Cu͑II͒ ions, while strontium was precipitated as a hydroxide by electrogeneration of base in the water reduction range. Codeposition was found to give rise to separated phases, involving a microcrystalline strontium hydroxide layer surrounding a nanocrystalline copper underlayer, which was surrounded by copper surface clusters. Annealed films were composed of various mixtures of strontium cuprate phases, whose composition was directly related to the strontiumcopper atomic ratio in the precursor films.

Electrochemical Codeposition of Thin Gold Nanoparticles/Sol−Gel Nanocomposite Films

“…The electrochemical codeposition of nanocomposites has been reported although not exhaustively studied. − Walcarius electrodeposited silica films on gold electrodes in order to detect Cu(II) in water−alcohol solutions . Zhitomirsky reviewed the various strategies for the fabrication of nanostructured organic−inorganic films using electrophoretic deposition .…”

Influence of Cu on the Performance of Tuberose Architecture of Strontium Hydroxide Thin Film as a Supercapacitor Electrode

“…The standard potential of the Cu(II)/Cu(0) system is higher than H 2 O/H 2 +OH − , whereas the value of the Sr(II)/Sr(0) system is lower. Further, the Cu (II) ions are more electroactive than Sr(II) ions …”

“…Further, the Cu (II) ions are more electroactive than Sr(II) ions. [45] The Cu doped Sr(OH) 2 shows the behavior of the battery type electrode. Therefore, the specific capacity of the Cu doped Sr(OH) 2 electrodes was estimated using Equation (3): [46][47][48] C:S:…”

Nanocomposite Coatings: Preparation, Characterization, Properties, and Applications

“…This method could be used for the fabrication of nanocomposite coatings, which contain organic nanofillers (such as PEO, PTFE [80,83,118]) or inorganic matrices [119][120][121][122][123] or organic matrices [19,22,32,78,124]. In the case of organic matrices, the electrochemical codeposition of nanocomposites has been reported by many researchers [123][124][125][126][127][128][129][130][131][132][133][134][135][136][137][138][139][140][141]. Zhitomirsky had reviewed the various nanostructured organic-inorganic coatings using electrophoretic deposition [140].…”