Electrochemical CO2 reduction - The macroscopic world of electrode design, reactor concepts & economic aspects

Development of catalysts and electrolyzers toward industrial-scale CO2electroreduction

“…In addition, the removal of the liquid electrolyte eliminates GDE flooding and reduces the possibility of electrocatalyst deactivation by the deposition of electrolyte impurities. 156 However, there are also some shortcomings for this kind of configuration. First, the reaction environment is difficult to adjust because of the absence of a catholyte.…”

Selective and high-rate CO2 electroreduction by metal-doped covalent triazine frameworks: a computational and experimental hybrid approach

“…9,10 The use of gas diffusion electrodes (GDEs) is one approach to overcome this problem originating from the low solubility and slow diffusion in the substrate. [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27] Gaseous substrates can be directly supplied to the triple-phase boundary at the GDE, where the catalyst material, electrolyte, and gas pores intersect. 10,28 For example, de Arquer et al achieved a current density of 1.3 A/cm 2 for ethylene formation at 45% energy efficiency using a GDE loaded with Cu nanoparticles, 29 and de Jesus and his coworkers achieved 600 mA/cm 2 for CO formation at a faradaic efficiency (FE) of 80% using a gas-fed zero-gap electrolyzer loaded with Ag nanocubes.…”

Enhancement of CO2RR product formation on Cu-ZnO-based electrodes by varying ink formulation and post-treatment methods

“…While the catalyst is key to facilitate the catalytic conversion of CO 2 , the electrode assembly and reactor setup play an equally important role to achieve efficient CO 2 reduction reaction (CO 2 RR) processes of industrial relevance. Along this line, a minimum current density of 200 mA cm −2 with Faraday efficiencies (FEs) of at least 60% for multicarbon products are required [2][3][4][5]. Herein, utilization of gas diffusion electrodes (GDEs) in continuously driven flow cells showed promising results toward this aim.…”