Electrochemical characterization of multicomponent sodium cryolite electrolytes with high content of aluminium fluoride

Kubiňáková, Emília; Danielik, Vladimír; Hı́veš, Ján

doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2018.01.174

Cited by 19 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Further research still has to be done in all the cases to obtain suitable conditions both to find a suitable electrolyte for electrolysis and novel processes [2]. Decreases electrical conductivity [33] NaF-AlF 3 SiO 2 Increases electrical conductivity, decreases viscosity (when C DEF 8 = 0 -10 mol.%), decreases electrical conductivity, increases viscosity (when C DEF 8 = 11 -40 mol.%) [26], [27] CaCl 2 Decreases electrical conductivity and increases the density [52] CaCl 2 -NaCl-Al 2 O 3…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…where ρ is the density of the NaF − AlF − AlPO melt in g/cm 3 , = KC L is the wt.% AlPO , Kubinakova et al [33] determined the effect of additives in composite form of Al 2 O 3 -CaF 2 , Al 2 O 3 -MgF 2 and Al 2 O 3 -CaF 2 -LiF in low-temperature sodium cryolite. Studies found that an increase in the concentration of AlF 3 up to 45 mol% decreases the melting temperature of the electrolyte to 700 °C as well as decreases the electrical conductivity.…”

Section: Electrolytes and Influence On Its Properties By The Additivementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The reason behind the decrease in the electrical conductivity with the addition of CaF 2 and MgF 2 is that the Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ cations have high charge densities forming anionic complexes obstructing the path of charge carriers [34], [35]. Kubinakova et al [33] formulated an equation 7to show the dependence of the compositions on the electrical conductivity of the system. The research conducted in the past by Hives et al [36] and Fellner et al [37] reflected the same results.…”

Section: Electrolytes and Influence On Its Properties By The Additivementioning

confidence: 99%

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Electrolytes and its additives used in aluminum reduction cell: a review

Padamata

Yasinskiy

Polyakov

2019

Metall. Res. Technol.

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The electrolyte is considered to play the role of blood in an aluminum reduction cell and performs several vital functions as the charge transfer, the mass dissolution and transfer, the electrode products separation and the electrical work dissipation. The proper performance of listed functions is completely determined by the physical and chemical properties, which namely are the electrical conductivity, the viscosity, the vapor pressure, the liquidus and solidus temperatures, the density, the surface tension, the solubility and the dissolution rate of oxides, aluminum, carbon and the various connections and by operating conditions, which namely are the temperature, the current density, the anode-cathode distance, etc. The electrolyte affects the current efficiency and the cell voltage, which determines the specific energy consumption and the total cost of aluminum. This is the reason why different electrolytes and additives have been in the spotlight of the researchers and the enterprises for decades. This article presents the brief information about the influence of additives in the cell utilizing traditionally used sodium cryolite and different low-temperature electrolytes on physical-chemical properties and concentrates on the latest works which have not been included in widely known textbooks. The article also contains new experimental results obtained by the authors and devoted to the effective electrical conductivity of suspended unconventional electrolytes.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Electrolytes and Influence On Its Properties By The Additivementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Electrolytes and Influence On Its Properties By The Additivementioning

confidence: 99%

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Electrolytes and its additives used in aluminum reduction cell: a review

Padamata

Yasinskiy

Polyakov

2019

Metall. Res. Technol.

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“…Recently electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) has been employed to study corrosion behavior of novel types of inert anodes. EIS is an appropriate measurement procedure for investigating inert anodes corrosion behavior . It should be noted that the effect of oxidation on the corrosion behavior of the Ni10Cu11Fe6Al (wt%) alloy has not been investigated by EIS yet.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…EIS is an appropriate measurement procedure for investigating inert anodes corrosion behavior. [18][19][20][21] It should be noted that the effect of oxidation on the corrosion behavior of the Ni10Cu11Fe6Al (wt%) alloy has not been investigated by EIS yet. Therefore, it is very interesting to investigate the corrosion resistance of the Ni10Cu11Fe6Al alloy in the molten salt of calcium chloride in addition to effects of the oxidation heat-treatment on the corrosion behavior of the alloy for developing inert anode.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

EIS study of oxidation heat‐treatment effects on corrosion behavior of Ni10Cu11Fe6Al metallic inert anode inside molten calcium chloride salt

Alzamani

Jafarzadeh

Fattah‐alhosseini³

2019

Materials & Corrosion

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In this research, the effects of oxidation heat‐treatment on the high‐temperature corrosion behavior of Ni10Cu11Fe6Al (wt%) alloy was investigated as a new inert anode in titanium electrolytic production. The alloys were prepared using vacuum induction melting (VIM) process and then exposed to the electrolysis in calcium chloride molten salt at 900 °C at −1.6 V versus graphite reference electrode for different immersion times. The cross‐section and surface of the alloys were characterized using scanning electron microscope (SEM), and their electrochemical behavior was investigated by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The results showed that the oxidized alloys have the greater number of porosities compared to those of the unoxidized alloys. Thus, the nickel‐based alloy became more sensitive to pitting resulting from oxidation. The corrosion penetration depth reached about 400 µm after 16 h of electrolysis for the oxidized alloys while being nearly 213 µm for the unoxidized alloys, which indicates the corrosion penetration depth increased by oxidation. Therefore, the oxidation during the electrolysis inside the molten salt offers better results for this alloy.

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