Electrochemical characterization and computational fluid dynamics simulation of flow-accelerated corrosion of X65 steel in a CO2-saturated oilfield formation water

Zhang, G.A.; Cheng, Y. Frank

doi:10.1016/j.corsci.2010.04.029

Cited by 88 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The pH of simulated solution calculated through the present method of water chemistry calculation was 6.12, while the measured value in reference [7] was 6.15. The relative error was within AE 0.5 %, showing that this method of water chemistry calculation worked well.…”

Section: Electrochemical Reactions In Carbon Dioxide Corrosionmentioning

confidence: 69%

“…Fe ðsÞ ! Fe 2þ ðaqÞ þ2e À Anodic 3 Implementation and verification A 908 elbow with an inner diameter of 50 mm whose size was same with the one in reference [7] was selected as the geometric model. The fluid was the simulated solution (main species in Table 3) saturated with carbon dioxide at 25 8C (298.15 K) and 1 bar, and we define constant concentrations of the species at the entrance.…”

Section: Electrochemical Reactions In Carbon Dioxide Corrosionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The combined method of electrochemical measurements and computational fluid dynamics simulation on micro-electrodes installed on an impingement jet system was adopted to study the flow-accelerated corrosion of X65 pipeline steel, in which the corrosion behavior of the steel was investigated by the electrochemical measurements, and the flow field distribution on the electrode surface was determined by the computational fluid dynamics simulation [6]. The hydrodynamic effects of flow on the corrosion in a 908 elbow was studied by combining array electrode technique with computational fluid dynamics simulation [7]. It was found that the distribution of the measured corrosion rates was in good accordance with the distributions of simulated flow velocity and shear stress in the elbow.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Numerical simulation of carbon dioxide corrosion under flow conditions in an elbow

Chen

Wang

et al. 2019

Materialwissenschaft Werkst

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A computational fluid dynamics (CFD)‐based method combined with water chemistry and electrochemical reaction calculation is developed to investigate the effect of fluid flow on carbon dioxide corrosion in an elbow. The mass transfer of reactants and products influenced by flow during corrosion is revealed visually by distribution of main species concentration. The results show that the distributions of main species concentration and corrosion rate on the bare steel surface are in good accordance with the distribution of flow velocity. The maximum corrosion rate appears at the entrance on inner side wall of the elbow, and the corrosion rate decreases along the flow direction. Near the exit of the elbow, the secondary flow arises and enhances the mass transfer as well as the corrosion rate. According to the saturation value, the iron carbonate is more likely to precipitate at the inner side wall near the exit of the elbow. The model is validated by the good agreement between simulation results and published experimental data in prediction of hazardous corrosion region and the regional corrosion rate of the elbow.

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Section: Electrochemical Reactions In Carbon Dioxide Corrosionmentioning

confidence: 69%

Section: Electrochemical Reactions In Carbon Dioxide Corrosionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Numerical simulation of carbon dioxide corrosion under flow conditions in an elbow

Chen

Wang

et al. 2019

Materialwissenschaft Werkst

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“…A maior perda de massa foi para o segundo ensaio de 24 horas, com uma perda de massa de 1,95g para a amostra lisa e 1,92g para a amostra rugosa. Um dos motivos para a perda de massa não ser tão acentuada foi o tempo que as amostras ficaram expostas ao CO2, a corrosão começa a cair a partir da 96 horas de ensaio [4]. Nas amostras rugosas temos a formação de vales ou cristas, onde os pontos de corrosão são formados com mais intensidade, mas devido ao pouco tempo de exposição das amostras a solução aquosa contendo CO2 não foi suficiente para a aderência da camada protetora.…”

Section: Perda De Massaunclassified

Efeito Da Rugosidade Na Corrosão Por Co2 Do Aço Api 5l X65 Em Regime De Fluxo Turbulento

Minatto¹,

Ferreira²

2018

ABM Proceedings

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ResumoA corrosão provocada pelo CO2 associada ao tipo de escoamento é uma das mais agressivas ao aço de baixo carbono o API X65. O petróleo extraído do pré-sal de baixa profundidade apresenta maior concentração de CO2 podendo aumentar os pontos de corrosão nos equipamento e nas tubulações. O dióxido de carbono sendo um óxido ácido em contato com a água forma o ácido carbônico que reage com o metal formando camadas protetoras de óxidos ou de carbonatos. Essas camadas que ficam entre o metal e o fluído tendem em alguns casos atuarem como protetoras, mas à medida que aumenta a intensidade do fluxo essas camadas podem ser rompidas formando novos pontos de corrosão. As indústrias petroquímicas estão investindo em novos processos de perfuração e no desenvolvimento de novas ligas metálicas que possam conter a corrosão provocada pelo CO2 nos equipamento e nas tubulações que transportam o petróleo e seus derivados. Este trabalho tem por objetivo caracterizar a taxa de corrosão por CO2 em condições de fluxo do aço API X65, nas condições normais de temperatura e pressão, utilizando uma bancada de ensaio dinâmico (loop). Mantendo a concentração constante de CO2 em solução aquosa de NaCl 1% foi monitorado o pH, a temperatura e a concentração de íons ferrosos na solução. A taxa de corrosão foi determinada pela perda de massa, estabelecida após os ensaios. Como conclusão observou-se que CO2 provocou uma maior perda de massa para as amostra com maior rugosidade. Palavras-chave: Rugosidade; CO2; Corrosão. ROUGHNESS EFFECT ON CORROSION BY CO 2 OF STEEL API 5L X65 IN TURBULENT FLOW REGIME AbstractThe corrosion caused by CO2 associated with the type of flow is one of the most aggressive in the low carbon steel the API X65. The oil extracted from the pre-salt of shallow waters presents higher concentration of CO2 may increase the corrosion points on the equipment and the pipelines. The carbon dioxide being an acid oxide in contact with water forms carbonic acid which reacts with the metal forming protective layers oxides or carbonates. These layers that are between the metal and the fluid tends in some cases to act as protective, but with increasing intensity of the flow of these layers can be ruptured to form new corrosion. Petrochemical industries are investing in new drilling processes and the development of new metal alloys that may contain corrosion caused by CO2 in the equipment and the pipelines that carry oil and its derivatives. This work aims to characterize the rate of corrosion by CO2 in API X65 steel flow conditions at standard temperature and pressure, using a dynamic test bench (loop). Keeping constant concentration of CO2 in aqueous 1% NaCl solution was monitored pH, temperature and the concentration of ferrous ions in solution. The corrosion rate was determined by weight loss, established after the tests. In conclusion it was observed that CO2 caused a greater weight loss for samples with higher surface roughness.

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“…They concluded that a protective oxide film (FeCO 3 ) was formed only in the single phase at a low velocity with pH > 5. Fluid flow is generally responsible for an accelerated mass transfer process and damage of the protective oxide film on the steel surface (Zhang & Cheng, 2010a). The basic corrosion reactions are (Sastri, 1998) FAC is a major challenge facing the nuclear industry (Yuan, Pandey, & Bickel, 2008), with its operating temperature range of > 140℃: greater than for industrial and fossil plants (Dooley & Chexal, 2000).…”

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confidence: 99%

Flow-Assisted Corrosion in Coal Seam Gas Infrastructure

Eyu¹

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Electrochemical characterization and computational fluid dynamics simulation of flow-accelerated corrosion of X65 steel in a CO2-saturated oilfield formation water

Cited by 88 publications

References 27 publications

Numerical simulation of carbon dioxide corrosion under flow conditions in an elbow

Numerical simulation of carbon dioxide corrosion under flow conditions in an elbow

Efeito Da Rugosidade Na Corrosão Por Co2 Do Aço Api 5l X65 Em Regime De Fluxo Turbulento

Flow-Assisted Corrosion in Coal Seam Gas Infrastructure

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