Electrochemical capacitive behavior of RuO2/graphene composites prepared under various precipitation conditions

Ruthenium nanoparticles-modified reduced graphene prepared by a green method for high-performance supercapacitor application in neutral electrolyte

“…Further oxidation results in the formation of the corresponding oxide according to eqn (5)-(9). 13 The major fraction of ruthenium ions are bonded to the surface of graphene and consequently reduced on the RGO surface, forming Ru nanoparticles.…”

“…The electrochemical behavior of Ru-based graphene as supercapacitor electrode depends on the main phase within the structure. 10,[13][14][15][16][17] The main phase formed is RuO 2 with the possible formation of some Ru nanostructures as minor phase. 10,[13][14][15][16][17] As it was anticipated in this work, Ru nano has the highest percentage in hybrid Ru nano -based RGO when being prepared at pH 8.0 and is the only phase at pH 4.0.…”

“…While higher power densities are expected, the corrosive nature of the concentrated acid or base results in the deterioration of current collectors and their leakage will be detrimental, especially on decreasing the cycling stability of the capacitor. Limitation of the operating potential windows in acidic 13,28 and basic 11,29 electrolytes is another drawback.…”

“…RuO 2 -based supercapacitors have been reported to operate in highly concentrated H 2 SO 4 30,31 and many researchers suggested that RuO 2 -based supercapacitors are suitable only in such electrolytes. 13,28 A high pseudocapacitance was obtained due to a surface reaction between Ru ions and protons (H + ) in acidic media according to eqn (10): Using a neutral electrolyte not only solves the corrosion problem but also allows the supercapacitor to operate at a wider potential window. 30 3.2.1 Cyclic voltammetry measurements.…”

Ruthenium oxide–carbon-based nanofiller-reinforced conducting polymer nanocomposites and their supercapacitor applications

“…Ensafi et al [101] synthesized Ni-Al/layered double hydroxide on GO and RuO 2 coated on GO. The RuO 2 /graphene nanocomposite showed a good C sp as 528.5 F/g at 0.1 A/g with a minimum charge transfer resistance (R ct ) of 0.4 Ω, an excellent rate capability as well as cycling stability [102]. Amir et al [103] reported the synthesis of RuO 2 /rGO nanocomposites via sol-gel method, followed by the electrophoretic deposition (EPD) of the material into thin films.…”