Electrochemical biosensors in pharmaceutical analysis

Abstract

Given the increasing demand for practical and low-cost analytical techniques, biosensors have attracted attention for use in the quality analysis of drugs, medicines, and other analytes of interest in the pharmaceutical area. Biosensors allow quantification not only of the active component in pharmaceutical formulations, but also the analysis of degradation products and metabolites in biological fluids. Thus, this article presents a brief review of biosensor use in pharmaceutical analysis, focusing on enzymatic electrochemical sensors.<br>Em virtude do aumento da demanda por técnicas analíticas simples e de baixo custo, os biossensores têm atraído a atenção para a análise de fármacos, medicamentos e outros analitos de interesse em controle de qualidade de medicamentos. Os biossensores permitem a quantificação não somente de princípio ativo em formulações farmacêuticas, mas também de produtos de degradação e metabólitos em fluídos biológicos, bem como análise de amostras de interesse clínico e industrial, além de possibilitar a determinação de enantiômeros. Desta forma, este artigo objetiva fazer uma breve revisão a respeito do emprego de biossensores em análise farmacêutica, com ênfase em sensores eletroquímicos enzimáticos

Construction of a New Sensor with Ruthenium Complex Anchored in Functionalized Silica and Their Application in Determination of Ascorbic Acid in Industrial Fruit Juice

“…For the voltammetric determination of ascorbic acid in industrial fruit juice it was obtained the anodic peak current curve ( ), deaerated, which contained a certain volume of fruit juice (first experiment 3.00 cm 3 and second 2,00 cm 3 ) and the differential pulse voltamograms between -0.9 and 0.7 V, after each addition.…”

“…Silica gel was degassed at 423 K under vacuum (10 -3 atm) for 8 h. About 50 g this material was mixed with 30.0 cm 3 of 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane dissolved in 400 cm 3 of dry toluene. The mixture was stirred for 12 h under a dry nitrogen atmosphere at the temperature of the solvent reflux.…”

“…The figures 9, 10, 11 and 12 summarize the electrochemical behavior of ascorbic acid oxidation in guava juice SuFresh, using as working electrode the SF-3APTS/EDTA/Ru electrode, what presented, after addition of 3.00 cm 3 ) for the determination of ascorbic acid in the second guava juice sample. Table 1 shows the ascorbic acid contents found in two industrialized guava, using the method of successive addition of standard and the mean value found was 40.3 ± 1.5 mg ascorbic acid in 200 cm 3 of fruit juice, which is in accordance with the value provided by the manufacturer 40 mg ascorbic acid in 200 cm 3 of the juice (200 mg dm -3 ). The SF-3APTS/EDTA/Ru electrode was used in electroanthic determinationoff ascorbic acid in industrial guava juice, because with SF-3APTS/EDTA/Ru(EDTA) no advantage was found.…”

“…The chemically modified electrodes have characteristics such as: selectivity, high sensitivity and simplicity of monitoring the analyte of interest, without previous treatment of the sample [3].…”

“…There is also a great interest in the modification of silicas by organic compounds that can act as ligands for the coordination of metallic ions in theirsurface and used in the construction of chemically modified electrodes of carbon paste electrodes (CPE), in the study of the electrochemical behavior of these anchored complexes, in electroanalysis and electrocatalysis [1][2][3][4][5][6][7].…”