Electrochemical aspects of d.c. stimulation of osteogenesis

Black, Jonathan; Baranowski, Thomas; Brighton, Carl T.

doi:10.1016/0302-4598(84)87012-9

Cited by 30 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…16 Intrigued by the potential of this biophysical stimulus and motivated by the need to further elucidate the cellular and molecular level functions underlying bone healing, the present study assembled, calibrated, and used a custom laboratory system to expose adult human MSCs, dispersed within three-dimensional, type I collagen hydrogels to alternating electric current. Alternating current was chosen because (1) use of this type of current eliminated problems arising from the formation of a dielectric cell, and subsequent protein buildup at the respective electrodes observed when direct electric current was used in other studies 8 ; and (2) literature reports of in vitro studies provided evidence that alternating electric current enhanced rat calvarial osteoblast functions pertinent to new bone formation. 2 Additional care was taken to validate the differentiation potential of the adult human MSCs before these cells were used in the present study of the effect of alternating electric current.…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mesenchymal Stem Cell Osteodifferentiation in Response to Alternating Electric Current

Creecy

O’Neill

Arulanandam

et al. 2013

Tissue Engineering Part A

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The present study addressed adult human mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) differentiation toward the osteoblastic lineage in response to alternating electric current, a biophysical stimulus. For this purpose, MSCs (chosen because of their proven capability for osteodifferentiation in the presence of select bone morphogenetic proteins) were dispersed and cultured within electric-conducting type I collagen hydrogels, in the absence of supplemented exogenous dexamethasone and/or growth factors, and were exposed to either 10 or 40 mA alternating electric current for 6 h per day. Under these conditions, MSCs expressed both early-(such as Runx-2 and osterix) and late-(specifically, osteopontin and osteocalcin) osteogenic genes as a function of level, and duration of exposure to alternating electric current. Compared to results obtained after 7 days, gene expression of osteopontin and osteocalcin (late-osteogenic genes) increased at day 14. In contrast, expression of these osteogenic markers from MSCs cultured under similar conditions and time periods, but not exposed to alternating electric current, did not increase as a function of time. Most importantly, expression of genes pertinent to the either adipogenic (specifically, Fatty Acid Binding Protein-4) or chondrogenic (specifically, type II collagen) pathways was not detected when MSCs were exposed to the aforementioned alternating electric-current conditions tested in the present study. The present research study was the first to provide evidence that alternating electric current promoted the differentiation of adult human MSCs toward the osteogenic pathway. Such an approach has the yet untapped potential to provide critically needed differentiated cell supplies for cell-based assays and/or therapies for various biomedical applications.

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Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mesenchymal Stem Cell Osteodifferentiation in Response to Alternating Electric Current

Creecy

O’Neill

Arulanandam

et al. 2013

Tissue Engineering Part A

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“…For example, increased new bone formation was reported when electric currents of 5-20 A were applied continuously to osteotomies in animal models for 14 days. 1,4,5 However, the mechanisms behind these events still are not fully understood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…4 At the end of the treatment process, after bone repair had occurred, the implanted metal electrodes had to be removed from the site of newly healed bone tissue via another surgical procedure. During removal of the electrodes, additional complications such as risk of infection at the site of implantation and damage to the newly formed bone tissue (especially when the metal electrode had integrated and/or bonded to the apposing bone tissue) arose.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel current‐conducting composite substrates for exposing osteoblasts to alternating current stimulation

Supronowicz

Ajayan

Ullmann

et al. 2001

J. Biomed. Mater. Res.

346

221

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The present study demonstrates that novel nanocomposites consisting of blends of polylactic acid and carbon nanotubes effectively can be used to expose cells to electrical stimulation. When osteoblasts cultured on the surfaces of these nanocomposites were exposed to electric stimulation (10 microA at 10 Hz) for 6 h/day for various periods of time, there was a 46% increase in cell proliferation after 2 days, a 307% increase in the concentration of extracellular calcium after 21 consecutive days, and upregulation of mRNA expression for collagen type-I after both 1 and 21 consecutive days. These results provide evidence that electrical stimulation delivered through novel, current-conducting polymer/nanophase composites promotes osteoblast functions that are responsible for the chemical composition of the organic and inorganic phases of bone. Furthermore, this evidence elucidates aspects of the cellular/molecular-level mechanisms involved in new bone formation under electrical stimulation.

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“…From a practical perspective, the mechanical propertiestive for the production of long-term biomedical healing and therapeutic devices of different tissue. [36,37] The LBL films of SWNT were made from positively charged nanotubes coated with a designer copolymer allowing excellent SWNT and MWNT dispersion. [38] A total of 30 multilayers were deposited on a glass slide producing a (PAA -/ SWNT + ) 30 LBL film (PAA: poly(acrylic acid)).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Stimulation of Neural Cells by Lateral Currents in Conductive Layer‐by‐Layer Films of Single‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes

Gheith

Pappas²,

Liopo³

et al. 2006

Advanced Materials

147

138

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Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) have a set of unique mechanical and electrical properties that has stimulated tremendous interest in them. Significant efforts have been directed towards utilizing these materials as building blocks of composites for a variety of technological contexts, such as nanoelectronic devices, [1][2][3][4][5][6] sensors, [7][8][9][10][11][12] and field emission electron displays and lighting elements. [13,14] We strongly believe that one of the most prolific areas of their applications will be in biomedicine, where compact, strong, and high-performance devices can be engineered. These devices will exploit the properties of SWNTs and will compete with existing products. The novel technologies of diagnostics and therapeutics can be based on SWNT composites and individual tubes. Along these lines, SWNTs have been demonstrated as potential sensing materials of biological systems, [15][16][17][18][19] which are typically considered for the use in ex vivo modality. The potential use of SWNT-based structures for the purpose of healing neurological and brain-related injuries represents one of the major scientific and practical interests. The high mechanical strength and electrical properties possessed by SWNTs makes these materials perfect candidates for various prosthetic devices, including bone and joint repair. It is important to realize, however, that successful utilization of SWNT-based devices in biomedicine is hinged on the ability of such materials to interface with living cells, support their growth, and at the same time preserve their viability. [20][21][22][23][24] These factors are not well understood for any SWNT structures, which limits the development of in vivo, that is, implantable devices from such materials. The actual processes and techniques used for the preparation of macroscopic objects from SWNTs will play a significant role in determining cellular effects of SWNT composites. Substrates prepared from multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) as well as SWNTs have been reported to be biocompatible platforms for neuronal growth and differentiation. [25][26][27] The use of carbon nanofiber composites as devices for neural-and bone-tissue-implant integration has also been described.[28] Molecular engineering of any SWNT-based composite should have a great effect on how the material performs during long-term contact with tissue. The layer-by-layer (LBL) approach to prepare SWNT structures can be particularly useful in this respect because it allows one to exert control over the structure of the SWNT/polymer systems from angstrom to nanometer and micrometer scale, which is necessity for the engineering of the cell/SWNT interface. [29] Recently, we demonstrated that SWNT LBL films can support the growth, viability, and differentiation of neuronal NG108-15 neuroblastoma/glioma hybrid cells. [30] The first example of free-standing SWNT/polymer thin-film membranes that can be mechanically compatible with tissues and can be used as implants and repair devices for neurological-or bra...

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Electrochemical aspects of d.c. stimulation of osteogenesis

Cited by 30 publications

References 6 publications

Mesenchymal Stem Cell Osteodifferentiation in Response to Alternating Electric Current

Mesenchymal Stem Cell Osteodifferentiation in Response to Alternating Electric Current

Novel current‐conducting composite substrates for exposing osteoblasts to alternating current stimulation

Stimulation of Neural Cells by Lateral Currents in Conductive Layer‐by‐Layer Films of Single‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes

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