Electrochemical aptamer-based biosensors for <italic>in vivo</italic> analysis

Abstract

Chemistry is the molecular basis of life activities. Accurate acquisition of the distribution and composition variation of physiologically important molecules in vivo is of great significance for understanding sophisticated physiological and pathological processes of the human body. Electrochemical approaches, especially electrochemical aptamer-based biosensors, have the excellent characteristics of high specificity, a wide range of target molecules, and easy miniaturization, providing an effective tool for rapid, sensitive, and highly selective detection in complex physiological environments. In this review, we briefly summarize the design of the nucleic acid aptamer electrochemical biosensor and its application in in vivo analysis, and their future prospects and challenges were also discussed.