Electrochemical and XPS analysis of chalcopyrite (CuFeS2) dissolution in sulfuric acid solution

Ghahremaninezhad, A.; Dixon, David G.; Asselin, Edouard

doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2012.07.119

Cited by 281 publications

(142 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…Li, et al [20] reported that synchrotron XPS Fe 2p spectra collected from a freshly fractured chalcopyrite surface showed a strong peak around 708 eV arising from fully coordinated Fe(III) bonded to S in the bulk chalcopyrite, in accord with other literature reports [5,36,[77][78][79][80]. No peak has been observed on freshly fractured surfaces at 710-714 eV suggesting the absence of Fe(III)-O/OH/SO [5,36,37,77,78,81,82].…”

Section: Xps Analyses For 1 and 30 H Leach Residues From Ph 1 Lixiviantsupporting

confidence: 73%

Kinetics and Mechanisms of Chalcopyrite Dissolution at Controlled Redox Potential of 750 mV in Sulfuric Acid Solution

Wei

Qian

et al. 2016

Minerals

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Abstract:To better understand chalcopyrite leach mechanisms and kinetics, for improved Cu extraction during hydrometallurgical processing, chalcopyrite leaching has been conducted at solution redox potential 750 mV, 35-75˝C, and pH 1.0 with and without aqueous iron addition, and pH 1.5 and 2.0 without aqueous iron addition. The activation energy (E a ) values derived indicate chalcopyrite dissolution is initially surface chemical reaction controlled, which is associated with the activities of Fe 3+ and H + with reaction orders of 0.12 and´0.28, respectively. A surface diffusion controlled mechanism is proposed for the later leaching stage with correspondingly low E a values. Surface analyses indicate surface products (predominantly S n 2´a nd S 0 ) did not inhibit chalcopyrite dissolution, consistent with the increased surface area normalised leach rate during the later stage. The addition of aqueous iron plays an important role in accelerating Cu leaching rates, especially at lower temperature, primarily by reducing the length of time of the initial surface chemical reaction controlled stage.

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Section: Xps Analyses For 1 and 30 H Leach Residues From Ph 1 Lixiviantsupporting

confidence: 73%

Kinetics and Mechanisms of Chalcopyrite Dissolution at Controlled Redox Potential of 750 mV in Sulfuric Acid Solution

Wei

Qian

et al. 2016

Minerals

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“…In other words, SHMP reduced the formation and adsorption of Mg(OH) 2 on chalcopyrite, thereby improving chalcopyrite recovery. Figure 10 shows five S species including monosulfide (S 2− ), disulfide (S 2 2− ), polysulfide (S n 2− ), sulfate (SO 4 2− ) and an energy loss feature (S 3p → Fe 3d) located at 161.3 eV, 162.0 eV, 162.8 eV, 169.1eV and 164.9 eV, respectively [38,[46][47][48][49].…”

Section: Survey Spectramentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Noted: All BE with a typical variation of ± 0.1 eV. [38,46,48,50,51]. It should be noted that the hydroxide and sulfate were fitted at 531.3 ± 0.1 eV due to overlapping of the binding energy of these two O species [52].…”

Section: S 2p Spectramentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Influencing Mechanisms of Sodium Hexametaphosphate on Chalcopyrite Flotation in the Presence of MgCl2 and CaCl2

Xiao

et al. 2018

Minerals

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Sea water has been used in flotation plants, showing a promising way to save fresh water usage. Previous studies indicated that divalent salts in sea water played negative roles in chalcopyrite flotation, but not much work have been conducted to understand the eliminating mechanisms. This study systematically investigated the effects of divalent cations of Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ on natural flotability of chalcopyrite in the absence of collectors and frothers. The reduced recovery was mainly due to the adsorption of Mg and Ca hydroxyl complexes and precipitation on chalcopyrite surfaces, giving rise to a less hydrophobic surface. The addition of sodium hexametaphosphate (SHMP), however, significantly improved chalcopyrite recovery. Species calculation, contact angle, zeta potential, FTIR and XPS analyses were conducted to understand the influencing mechanisms of divalent ions and the beneficial effects of SHMP on chalcopyrite recovery. The primary mechanism was that SHMP prevented the adsorption of positively charged Mg and Ca compounds or precipitation with hydrophilic properties such as Mg(OH) 2 on chalcopyrite surfaces, confirmed by the Derjguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (DLVO) theory. Secondly, SHMP reacted with Mg 2+ and Ca 2+ to form dissolvable complexes, thereby declining the formation of insoluble Mg 2+ and Ca 2+ compounds or precipitation.

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“…13(d) consists of three doublets for Ti-CZTS. The S 2p 3/2 peaks at 160.6 eV [58] and 161.0 eV [59] indicate monosulfide whereas the other at 162.2 eV represents disulfide (S 2 2− ) [60]. ) structure.…”

Section: Chemical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth of Cu2ZnSnS4 absorber layer on flexible metallic substrates for thin film solar cell applications

et al. 2015

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In this work, Cu 2 ZnSnS 4 (CZTS) absorber layers were fabricated using a two-stage process. Sequentially deposited Cu-Zn-Sn thin film layers on metallic foils were annealed in an Ar + S 2(g) atmosphere. We aimed to investigate the role of flexible titanium and molybdenum foil substrates in the growth mechanism of CZTS thin films. The Raman spectra and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses of the sulfurized thin films revealed that, except for the presence of Sn-based secondary phases, nearly pure CZTS thin films were obtained. Additionally, the intense and sharp X-ray diffraction peak from the (112) plane provided evidence of good crystallinity. Electron dispersive spectroscopy analysis indicated sufficient sulfur content but poor Zn atomic weight percentage in the films. Absorption and band-gap energy analyses were carried out to confirm the suitability of CZTS thin films as the absorber layer in solar cell applications. Hall effect measurements showed the p-type semiconductor behavior of the CZTS samples. Moreover, the back contact behavior of these metallic flexible substrates was investigated and compared. We detected formation of cracks in the CZTS layer on the molybdenum foils, which indicates the incompatibility of molybdenum's thermal expansion coefficient with the CZTS structure. We demonstrated the application of the magnetron sputtering technique for the fabrication of CZTS thin films on titanium foils having lightweight, flexible properties and suitable for roll-to-roll manufacturing for high throughput fabrication. Titanium foils are also cost competitive compared to molybdenum foils.

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Electrochemical and XPS analysis of chalcopyrite (CuFeS2) dissolution in sulfuric acid solution

Cited by 281 publications

References 71 publications

Kinetics and Mechanisms of Chalcopyrite Dissolution at Controlled Redox Potential of 750 mV in Sulfuric Acid Solution

Kinetics and Mechanisms of Chalcopyrite Dissolution at Controlled Redox Potential of 750 mV in Sulfuric Acid Solution

The Influencing Mechanisms of Sodium Hexametaphosphate on Chalcopyrite Flotation in the Presence of MgCl2 and CaCl2

Growth of Cu2ZnSnS4 absorber layer on flexible metallic substrates for thin film solar cell applications

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